Configuring a supply chain for new products involves selecting how to source each stage in the supply chain given several alternatives that vary in cost, lead time, and other measures. One must also determine the best overall strategy for deploying safety stocks across the supply chain so as to buffer against demand uncertainty. Traditionally, this has been done based on costs (inventory cost, ...

Manufacturers need to satisfy consumer demands in order to compete in the real world. This requires the efficient operation of a supply chain planning. In this research we consider a supply chain including multiple suppliers, multiple manufacturers and multiple customers, addressing a multi-site, multiperiod, multi-product aggregate production planning (APP) problem under uncertainty. First a n...

Construction supply-chain management offers new approaches to reduce the cost of and increase the reliability and speed of facility construction. Supply-chain management takes a systems view of the production activities of autonomous production units (subcontractors and suppliers in construction) and seeks global optimization of these activities. Applications of supply-chain management techniqu...

The multi-objective optimization for a multi-product multi-period four-echelon supply chain network consisting of manufacturing plants, distribution centers (DCs) and retailers each with uncertain services and uncertain customer nodes are aimed in this paper. The two objectives are minimization of the total supply chain cost and maximization of the average number of products dispatched to custo...

In recent researches, vendor managed inventory (VMI) policy is rarely considered for deteriorating items.   This study considered the supply chain partner’s collaboration via a VMI system and provided an EOQ model for a two-level supply chain (single supplier - single retailer) to examine the inventory management proceedings for VMI and non-VMI supply chains. By a new approach in modeling, the ...

emission trading is one of the famous mechanisms under kyoto protocol to control environmental pollution. the aim of this paper is to design a strategic supply chain network under emission trading scheme with inclusion of stochastic parameters and budget limitation. demand and price of carbon credits are considered as the important stochastic parameters influencing the supply chain network. in ...

during recent years, determining appropriate strategy in the supply chain has become an important strategic issue. however, the nature of these decisions usually is complex and unstructured. to determine the best supply chain strategy, many quantitative and qualitative attributes such as cost, responsiveness and flexibility can be taken into account. in order to approximate the human subjective...

the supply chain represents the critical link between the development of new product and the market in pharmaceutical industry. over the years, improvements made in supply chain operations have focused largely on ways to reduce cost and gain efficiencies in scale. in addition, powerful regulatory and market forces have provided new incentives for pharmaceutical firms to basically rethink the wa...

We consider a single-echelon inventory installation under the classical EOQ (with backorders) paradigm to study the effects of supply quality on cost performance. Previous research on imperfect supply quality has focused on variants of the proportional (deterministic or random) yield problem, where supply batches are all accepted and then used, after screening any defects. In this paper we stud...

This work explores the impact of quick response on supply chain performance for various supply chain structures with strategic customer behavior. By investigating pricing and inventory decisions in decentralized supply chains under revenue-sharing contracts and in centralized supply chains, we study the performance of four various systems and compare the value of quick response in different sup...