In moments of consciousness as quantum jumps between quantum histories picture the basic challenge is to explain how psychological time arises: why the contents of at least sensory experiences are concentrated around definite value of geometric time and what is the origin of the arrow of psychological time. It has become gradually clear that TGD cannot reproduce the common sense conception of t...

Transmit diversity schemes for the coherent multiple-antenna flat-fading channel range from spacetime block codes (STBC) to space-time trellis codes (STTC). In this letter we compare the performance of STBC and STTC by means of frame error rate. We discover that a simple concatenation of STBC with traditional AWGN (additive white Gaussian noise) trellis codes outperforms some of the best known ...

The well-known distinction between field-based and object-based approaches to spatial information is generalised to arbitrary locational frameworks, including in particular space, time and space-time. We systematically explore the different ways in which these approaches can be combined, and address the relative merits of a fully four-dimensional approach as against a more conventional ‘three-p...

Scale selection methods based on local extrema over scale of scale-normalized derivatives have been primarily developed to be applied sparsely — at image points where the magnitude of a scale-normalized differential expression additionally assumes local extrema over the domain where the data are defined. This paper presents a methodology for performing dense scale selection, so that hypotheses ...

Even with much activity over the past decade, including organized efforts on both sides of the Atlantic, the representation of both space and time in digital databases is still problematic and functional space-time systems have not gone beyond the limited prototype stage. Why is this the case? Why did it take twenty years from the ®rst GIS for the for representation and analysis in the temporal...

At first we introduce the space-time manifold and we compare some aspects of Riemannian and Lorentzian geometry such as the distance function and the relations between topology and curvature. We then define spinor structures in general relativity, and the conditions for their existence are discussed. The causality conditions are studied through an analysis of strong causality, stable causality ...