Campylobacter remains the leading cause responsible of human gastroenteritis worldwide. The current study aimed to compare internal DNA extraction protocol with two commercially available kits, using C. jejuni (ATCC® 29428TM) and coli (ATCC®43478TM) validate optimize through artificial contamination confirmation spp. from broiler chickens, turkeys, beef meats samples. processes were carried out...

Background and objectives: The genus Ephedra (Ephedraceae) consists of about 40 species of mostly shrubs and rarely small trees around the world. In the present study, the essential oil (EO) diversity and genetic relationships were investigated in six Ephedra species from Iran using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Methods: The...

Blacklegged ticks (n=12,606) were collected over four years (2007-2010) as part of a national passive tick surveillance program conducted in Canada by the National Microbiology Laboratory (NML) using the methods described previously (1). Adult I. scapularis were also collected by drag sampling: in 2008 from Itasca State Park, Camp Ripley and St. Croix State Park (n=56 per locality) in Minnesota...

Introduction Diarrheal diseases are a big public health problem worldwide, particularly among developing countries. The current study was conducted to detect and characterize group A rotavirus among admitted children with gastroenteritis to the pediatric hospitals, Sudan. Methods A total of 755 stool samples were collected from Sudanese children with less than 5 years of age presenting with a...

Background: Dental caries is a multifactorial disease influenced by complex genetic and environmental factors. At least 27 gene polymorphisms have been identified that are associated with risk. Polymorphisms of genes encoding taste receptors, such as the TAS1R2 gene, can cause individual differences in perception sensitivity to sweet tastes. Research shows polymorphism consumption foods, which ...

Efficient, rapid, and reproducible procedures for isolating high-quality DNA before PCR gene amplification are essential for the diagnostic and molecular identification of pathogenic bacteria. This study evaluated the Qiagen QIAamp DNA Mini Kit and the Schleicher and Schuell IsoCode Stix DNA isolation device for isolating nucleic acid. Buffer, serum, and whole-blood samples were spiked with Bac...

In this paper, we develop a new substructural logic that can encode invariants necessary for reasoning about hierarchical storage. We show how the logic can be used to describe the layout of bits in a memory word, the layout of memory words in a region, the layout of regions in an address space, or even the layout of address spaces in a multiprocessing environment. We provide a semantics for ou...