Seamless integration of land-elevation and water-depth information in coastal environments is required in many geospatial applications and decision-making processes. Vertical datum conversion is the central component of the integration process. This study introduces a methodology of vertical datum conversion in Lake Erie, which utilizes the public published models and toolkits developed by Nati...

Despite the astounding success of the fast fashion retailers, the management practices leading to these results have not been subject to extensive research so far. Given this background, we analyze the impact of information sharing and vertical integration on the performance of 51 German apparel companies. We find that the positive impact of vertical integration is mediated by information shari...

We report the results of experiments designed to test recent theories of vertical foreclosure. Consistent with the theory, vertical integration improves the upstream firm’s ability to commit to restricting output to the monopoly level, as does the use of public contracts. Public contracts are not a perfect substitute for vertical integration, however: integration allows more surplus to be extra...

Previous studies examining the relationship between uncertainty and vertical integration have produced a conflicting set of results. To clarify this puzzle we drew on the literature to conceptualize three distinct forms of uncertainty—primary, competitive, and supplier—and hypothesized that each had a different effect on vertical integration. The hypotheses were tested using experimental data c...

This paper studies the firms’ incentive for vertical integration and bundled discounts of complementary services. We suppose that firms first choose market structures and pricing schemes, and then compete in prices. We found that vertical integration and mixed bundling is a dominant strategy for all firms. Whereas, except for the systems of components that are very strongly differentiated, tota...

We analyze the impact of vertical integration when a monopolistic producer can make a capital commitment before deciding on output. For the vertically separated industry structure, we ̄nd that opportunism resulting from competition between retailers leads to a longrun underinvestment in capital. With vertical integration, the capital investment is e±cient but output is monopolistically restrict...