The purpose of the present study is to develop appropriate scoring scales for each of the defined stages of the writing process, and also to determine to what extent these scoring scales can reliably and validly assess the performances of EFL learners in an academic writing task. Two hundred and two students’ writing samples were collected after a step-by-step process oriented essay writing ins...

Writing about emotionally salient topics to influence a participant’s mood is a common experimental technique in emotion research. This study attempted to begin the biological characterization of this research paradigm. Thirtyeight participants were: 1) administered the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and asked to provide a saliva sample, 2) assigned to either an emotionally posit...