In this paper we introduce a new type of knowledge operator, called evidencebased knowledge, intended to capture the constructive core of common knowledge. An evidence-based knowledge system is obtained by augmenting a multi-agent logic of knowledge with a system of evidence assertions t :φ (“t is an evidence for φ”) based on the following plausible assumptions: 1) each axiom has evidence; 3) e...

Over recent years the electronics manufacturing industry has seen a shift away from wave soldering towards reflow soldering [1]. However, although wave soldering is indeed mature (first used during the 1950’s [eg 2]), there is still significant activity with novel process development to match [3]. This paper concerns a new type of noclean liquid flux for wave soldering that is based on water [4...

most of data in multi-attribute decision making (madm) problems are changeable rather than constant and stable. therefore, sensitivity analysis after problem solving can effectively contribute to making accurate decisions. in this paper, we offer a new method for sensitivity analysis in multi-attribute decision making problems in which if the weights of one attribute changes, then we can deter...

this paper is a research on the ordering planning of a supply chain with one supplier, multi buyer and multi deteriorating items. items have fixed life time and expire dates. the ordering period is taken as variable and must be computed the proposed models. the problem is studied via two different approaches the first is the joint replenishment, based on the hwang and chew's model [3] and ...

fuzzy clustering methods are conveniently employed in constructing a fuzzy model of a system, but they need to tune some parameters. in this research, fcm is chosen for fuzzy clustering. parameters such as the number of clusters and the value of fuzzifier significantly influence the extent of generalization of the fuzzy model. these two parameters require tuning to reduce the overfitting in the...

The design of closed-loop logistics (forward and reverse logistics) has attracted growing attention with the stringent pressures of customer expectations, environmental concerns and economic factors. This paper considers a multi-product, multi-period and multi-objective closed-loop logistics network model with regard to facility expansion as a facility location–allocation problem, which more cl...