Multiple rounds of whole genome duplication have repeatedly marked the evolution of vertebrates, and correlate strongly with morphological innovation. However, less is known about the behavioral, physiological and ecological consequences of genome duplication, and whether these events coincide with major transitions in vertebrate complexity. The complex behavior of anadromy - where adult fishes...

Sound localization along the azimuth depends on the sensitivity of binaural nuclei in the auditory brainstem to small differences in interaural level and timing occurring within a submillisecond epoch and on monaural pathways that transmit level and timing cues with high temporal fidelity to insure their coincident arrival at the binaural targets. The soma and axons of these brainstem neurons a...

In acoustic communication timing seems to be an exceedingly important aspect. The just noticeable difference ~jnd! for small perturbations of an isochronous sequence of sounds is particularly important in music, in which such sequences frequently occur. This article reviews the literature in the area and presents an experiment designed to resolve some conflicting results in the literature regar...

Studies of Neotropical birds, and their distributions and areas of endemism, in particular, have been central in the formulation of hypotheses proposed to explain the high species diversity in the Neotropics. We used mtDNA sequence data (ATPase 6 and 8, COI, and cyt b) to reconstruct the species-level phylogenies for two genera, Pionopsitta (Aves: Psittacidae) and Pteroglossus (Aves: Ramphastid...

Morphogenesis in plants is usually reconstructed by scanning electron microscopy and histology of meristematic structures. These techniques are destructive and require many samples to obtain a consecutive series of states. Unfortunately, using this methodology the absolute timing of growth and complete relative initiation of organs remain obscure. To overcome this limitation, an in vivo observa...

Voice activity detection (VAD) is an important preprocessing step in speech-based systems, especially for emerging handfree intelligent assistants. Conventional VAD systems relying on audio-only features are normally impaired by noise in the environment. An alternative approach to address this problem is audiovisual VAD (AV-VAD) systems. Modeling timing dependencies between acoustic and visual ...

This paper describes the method used in the design of a 26 million transistors chip at BULL to verify the timing performance using the hierarchical timing analysis tool HiTas as well as the interactive path browser Xtas. Those tools have been designed at UPMC and are now commercialized by AVERTEC. The complexity is handled by partitioning the analysis according to the hierarchical partitioning ...

We discuss the di erent ways of de ning channel capacity for certain types of illicit communication channels. We also correct some errors from the literature, o er new proofs of some historical results, and give bounds for channel capacity. Special function techniques are employed to express the results in closed form. We conclude with examples.

the purpose of this study was the effect of time of training and first night of sleep on implicit (accuracy) and motor (timing) components of timed motor sequences task (tmst) enhancement. forty-eight right-handed students (19-25 years old), who have had adequate sleep quality, were divided into three equal groups according to purdue hand and fingers' fine motor skills test and simple reac...