Several lines of evidence implicate ammonium as an important factor in the growth and development of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) ovules cultured in vitro. For example, ovules cultured at 28 C require indoleacetic acid (IAA) and either ammonium or gibberellic acid (GA(3)) in the medium for fiber development, whereas ovules cultured at 34 C require only IAA. Because of this effect of ammonium ...

Ammonium sulfate is one of the subsidiary components in the stealth liposome structure. The ratio of ammonium ion bound to liposome sphere to ammonium ions outside the liposome plays an important role in drug delivery formulation; accordingly, in order to quantify the ammonium ion in the liposome structure, a rapid and sensitive method was validated using a conductivity detector. Through this m...

Nitric oxide production was measured during nitrification in a laboratory-scale bioreactor, operated at conditions relevant to municipal nitrifying wastewater treatment plants. This study aims to determine which type of microorganism and which metabolic pathway is responsible for nitric oxide emission during nitrification. Simulation studies were used to identify which pathway is the main sourc...

background: surface water and groundwater pollution with various forms of nitrogen such as ammonium and nitrate ions is one of the main environmental risks. the major objectives of this study were to evaluate the capacity of natural zeolite (clinoptilolite) to remove no3- and nh4+ from polluted water under both batch and column conditions. methods: the laboratory batch and column experiments we...

Beneficial effects of ammonium hydroxide was studied, to optimize the ammonium hydroxide concentration for effective tenderization of spent hen meat. Spent hen meat chunks were subjected to ammonium hydroxide treatment (AHT) at different concentrations (0%, 0.1%, 0.5% and 1.0% v/w) and evaluated for different quality parameters after 24 hours. The results indicated a significant increase in pH,...

The diversity of the nitrite reductase gene nirS was studied in the bulk sediment of a free-water surface constructed wetland (FWS-CW) located next to the Empuriabrava wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), in Castelló d'Empúries (Girona, NE Spain). The study period extended from the inception of the treatment wetland, in June 1998, until March 1999 and comprised periods of relatively high nitrate ...

The development of titrimetric sensor applications to monitor biological wastewater treatment processes is shortly described, and the measurement principle (based on a pH controller) is illustrated. 3 applications that were developed during the past years are used to illustrate the capabilities of titrimetric sensors. The ammonium and the nitrate concentration can be measured to monitor the nit...

Correlation between the pathogenicity of certain staphylococci and their ability to produce coagulase has led to extensive studies of the clotting enzyme. Walston (1935) precipitated the clotting substance from cell-free filtrates of appropriate staphylococcal cultures by the use of ethanol, acetic acid, or ammonium sulfate. Walker et al. (1948) partially purified staphylocoagulase by repeated ...

The lab-scale upflow anaerobic biofilm reactor was successfully operated for the treatment of synthetic wastewater with high nitrogen load by Anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) process. During the entire period of operation, the reactor temperature was kept at 35±1°C. The operational strategy consisted of both increasing the ammonium and nitrite concentrations from 60 to 700mgN/L and from 8...