the historical experience of many developing countries show that many developing world has not paid enough attention and is not giving serious thought to its agricultural sector. in fact, nearly all the countries that have “undervalued” their agricultural sectors not only failed to grow rapidly, but they all encountered domestic food shortages, balance of payment crisis and some sort of politic...

C an rural financial inclusion enhance agricultural growth? This study, using annual data over the period 1981-2014 and the ARDL bounds testing approach, captures the long run as well as the short-run dynamics of the relationship between financial inclusion and agriculture in Nigeria. The results show that usage of financial services has significant impacts on agriculture both in the...

OBJECTIVES There were two objectives: first, to review the existing data on energy costs of specified activities in the light of the recommendations made by the Joint Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization/United Nations University (FAO/WHO/UNU) Expert Consultation of 1985. Second, to compile existing data on the energy costs of physical activities for an updated annexure o...

soil and water salinity are the main agricultural problems in arid and semi arid areas in the world and iran. in order to investigate salinity tolerance of kochia, two experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications, seven levels of salinity (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 ds m-1) and two growth stages (planting and early seedling) with gradually salinity appli...

nowadays, agricultural r&d provides new and developed technologies to create modern agricultural producing methods. during recent years, improving agricultural productivity is affected by not only domestic r&d investments but also foreign countries r&d investments. nowadays, according to new growth models, r&d is the base of productivity. recent economic theories consider agricu...

This paper uses cross-country panel data to estimate the agronomic inputs that lead to cereal yield improvements and the consequences for countries' processes of structural change. The results suggest a clear role for fertilizer, modern seeds and water in boosting yields. It then estimates empirical links in developing economies between increased agricultural yields and economic growth; in part...

Ghana is to achieve the goal of becoming a middle income country by 2015. Despite its impressive progress in economic growth and poverty reduction, Ghana—like many other African countries—has had rather limited success in increasing smallholder agricultural production by enhancing productivity and competitiveness. Why? Like other countries, Ghana has to meet three challenges in selecting and im...