“The Birthmark” is a short science fiction created by Nathaniel Hawthorne in 1843. The story tells of an eighteenth-century scientist who attempts to remove his wife’s birthmark yet takes her life the end. This paper will use Louis Montrose’s theory Historicity Texts and Textuality History disclose dialogic relationship between its historical context Hawthorne’s view science. firstly discusses ...

Abstract The second-century philosopher Celsus disparaged Christians who “alter the original text of Gospel three or four many times” ( Cels. 2.27). Scholars have understood this passage as a critique multiple distinct Gospels, but Celsus’ invective is better explained by comparison with elite polemics (e.g., Gellius, Lucian, Galen) against readers lack discernment and arbitrarily alter manuscr...

In this paper, the system of language and architecture has been studied in three levels of elemental, structural and semantic in cases of traditional and modern mosques in Iran through the method of analyzing the content of texts and in a conceptual model. Then, in a comparative method, the common patterns of these systems have been explained at all three levels. The common features at the elem...

This paper explores grassroots historiographical writing from Congo in the context of globalization. The authors are both sub-elite writers, producing text for First-World readers, and they spend enormous efforts at a generically regimented text, based on borrowed models textuality that seen to offer spaces identity-construction. Performing such is construction Self vis-à-vis history. But order...

Applied Literature, however, does not have literature at its centre. Literature in this domain is a tool to solve problems and achieve goals. Using literature to teach and learn languages, the application of literature to language education, is a very handy example. Health Humanities (by Crawford, et al. and reviewed by A. Ramazani in our Journal's previous issue) comprises chapters on how lite...

  The fallacy persists in discourse analysis research to explore lexicogrammatical phenomena detached from any adjacent plane of the meaning potential. In an attempt to dispel this and toss out some preconceived notions about what a modern SFG vantage point should involve, this study homes in on one aspect of SFG within prose fiction in particular, which is very revealing in terms of how separ...

Drawing on Jacques Derrida’s and Sarah Kofman’s conception of writing, Anat Pick’s notion the ‘creaturely’ Kári Driscoll’s ‘zoopoetics’, this article discusses relationship between textuality animality in Hélène Cixous’s work. writing has been described as inscribing body text, which may be considered an ethical engagement; her embodied poetics can thus called a creaturely poethics. The analysi...