Paul W. abramoWitz, Pharm.D., FaShP, is Interim Hospital Associate Director for Professional Services and Chief Pharmacy Officer, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, and Professor and Assistant Dean, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City. Address correspondence to Dr. Abramowitz at the Department of Pharmaceutical Care, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200...

The Mirror to Hospital Pharmacy not only served an important role in assessing the state of pharmacy practice in hospitals 50 years ago but more importantly offered recommendations that contained great vision and direction for practice. The Mirror served as a final report of the Audit of Pharmaceutical Services in Hospitals and was the forerunner to the many national surveys regularly conducted...

The unit dose system of medication distribution is a pharmacy-coordinated method of dispensing and controlling medications in organized health-care settings. The unit dose system may differ in form, depending on the specific needs of the organization. However, the following distinctive elements are basic to all unit dose systems: medications are contained in single unit packages; they are dispe...

Short-term back orders and long-term unavailability of drug products have been a challenge to pharmacy managers for many years. Nevertheless, these drug product shortages have been increasing in frequency and severity since the late 1990s. The causes are varied and involve all segments of the “supply chain.” Changes in policies and practices among these segments individually and collectively co...

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conceptually traumatic brain injury (tbi) can be classified from a mechanistic perspective as: 1) closed, 2) penetrating, 3) blast, and 4) crush injuries. thus, tbi is a heterogeneous disease and each type of brain injury has different characteristic features often necessitating different approaches to management. the first edition of the guidelines for management and prognosis of penetrating b...

surgical site infections are one of the most important post-surgery complications. antimicrobial prophylaxis has been used routinely in surgeries to reduce infection incidence. however, inappropriate selection of antimicrobial agents or dosing can develop antimicrobial resistance, serious adverse reactions and prolong hospitalization. current study aimed to examine prophylactic antibiotic presc...

purpose: to customize clinical practice guidelines (cpgs) for cataract management for iranian population. methods: first, four cpgs (american academy 2006 and 2011, royal college of ophthalmologists 2010 and canadian ophthalmological society evidence-based clinical practice guidelines 2008) were selected from a number of available cpgs for cataract management in the literature. second, all reco...