In Mauritania, epidemiological data estimate national HIV prevalence to less than 1%. Our study is the first joint survey on HIV/AIDS conducted among prisoners in Mauritania. It is a cross-sectional survey with anonymity and informed consent. The study covered a sample of 296 prisoners enrolled in a population of 706 prisoners held in Nouakchott. The sex ratio was 14.6. The refusal rate of bloo...

AIMS To review studies of the prevalence of substance abuse and dependence in prisoners on reception into custody. DESIGN AND METHOD A systematic review of studies measuring the prevalence of drug and alcohol abuse and dependence in male and female prisoners on reception into prison was conducted. Only studies using standardized diagnostic criteria were included. Relevant information, such as...

Compte and Postlewaite (2008, 2012) set out a model that assumed that peoples’ behavior was organized via mental systems, and employed that framework to analyze how people might cooperate in a repeated relationship with private monitoring with plausible strategies. That paper focussed on the case in which two people played a repeated prisoners dilemma game. In this paper we show that the basic ...

PURPOSE Social and emotional wellbeing (SEWB) is a term used to refer to the state of an individual's overall wellbeing. This review aims to consider the importance of understanding and assessing SEWB in prisoner populations, and identify potentially important differences between groups of prisoners, including those who identify as from minority cultural backgrounds (Aboriginal and Torres Strai...

The prison population is increasing and the health problems of prisoners are considerable. Prison is designed with punishment, correction and rehabilitation to the community in mind and these goals may conflict with the aims of health care. A literature review showed that the main issues in prison health care are mental health, substance abuse and communicable diseases. Women prisoners and olde...

OBJECTIVE To increase understanding of how the prison environment influences the mental health of prisoners and prison staff. DESIGN Qualitative study with focus groups. SETTING A local prison in southern England. PARTICIPANTS Prisoners and prison staff. RESULTS Prisoners reported that long periods of isolation with little mental stimulus contributed to poor mental health and led to int...

A crime has been committed for which two prisoners are held incommunicado. The district attorney is assigned to question the prisoners. He designs the following incentive structure to induce the prisoners to talk. If neither prisoner talks, both prisoners automatically receive mild sentences (payoff 4). But if exactly one prisoner squeals on the other, the squealer is let off scot free (payoff ...

The paper studies infinite repetition of finite strategic form games. Players use a backward looking learning behavior and face bounds on their cognitive capacities. We show that for any given belief-probability over the set of possible outcomes where players have no experience, games can be payoff classified and there always exists a stationary state in the space of action profiles. In particu...