Biocide contamination of receiving waters is generally linked with agriculture. However, recent studies have shown that urban contributions should be also considered [1,2]. One of the suspected biocide sources in the urban environment is building paint. Biocides like diuron, irgarol, terbutryn, carbendazim, etc., are conventionally used in paint to control fungi, algae, bacteria and other micro...

Legionella pneumophila, the major causative agent of Legionnaires' disease, is found in freshwater environments in close association with free-living amoebae and multispecies biofilms, leading to persistence, spread, biocide resistance, and elevated virulence of the bacterium. Indeed, legionellosis outbreaks are mainly due to the ability of this bacterium to colonize and persist in water facili...

The effectiveness of glutaraldehyde (GTA), a very common biocide for controlling biofilms formed by Pseudomonas fluorescens on stainless steel slides, in laminar and turbulent flow, was investigated. Tests were performed using a concentration of biocide of 200 mg L–1 and a range of exposure times. The GTA action was assessed by means of activity tests and dry weight of the biofilms. The physica...

A new method is described for screening potential biocides based on the traditional suspension test using the Bioscreen optical plate reader. This new method is rapid, reproducible, quantitative and cost effective. Data obtained by this new method are not directly equivalent to the log reduction normally quoted, but give a measurement of the total effect of the biocide on the microbe population...

The conference “Occupational Limit Values for Hazardous Substances – Healthy working conditions in a global economy” in Dortmund discussed the relationship of various exposure levels for chemicals at the workplace: the “OELs occupational exposure limits” from member states or European institutions, “AOELs acceptable operator exposure levels” for biocides or pesticides, and “DNELs derived no eff...

OBJECTIVES By adapting an antibiotic-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus strain to increasing concentrations of ethidium bromide, a known substrate of efflux pumps (EPs), and by phenotypically and genotypically analysing the resulting progeny, we characterized the molecular mechanisms of S. aureus adaptation to ethidium bromide. METHODS S. aureus ATCC 25923 was grown in increasing concentration...

Abstract. Biocides used in film protection products leaching from facades are known to be a potential threat the environment. This study identifies individual sources and entry pathways small-scale urban area. We investigate emissions of commonly biocides (terbutryn, diuron, octylisothiazolinone – OIT) some their transformation (TPs; diuron-desmethyl, terbumeton, terbuthylazine-2-hydroxy, terbu...

Union Co-operative Limited has historically had a problem with the mixed juice purity bcing lower than the direct analysis of cane pul-ity, indicating sucrose loss. Tests wcrc conducted to identify the cause. Based on this work, blocides have been dosed in recent ycars, resulting in the mixed juice purity becoming higher than the dircct analysis of cane pusty. This indicates reduccd losses in t...