[1] The accurate characterization of the location, hydraulic properties, and connectivity of major fracture zones is essential to model flow and solute transport in fractured media. Cross-borehole flowmeter tests, which consist of measuring changes in vertical borehole flows when pumping a neighboring borehole, were shown to be an efficient technique to provide information on the properties of ...

Flexural waves generated by a dipole source have been studied theoretically and used to estimate the shear parameters of a formation. The basic principles and main properties of flexural waves propagating in a borehole are reviewed in this paper. A mono/dipole transducer made of a PZT piezoelectric tube is used for laboratory experiments in borehole models. The radiation pattern of the dipole s...

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) has recently gained a wide acceptance in the archaeological community as a method to quickly and accurately locate buried archaeological features, artifacts, and important cultural and geological strata in the near-surface. The GPR method has now become one of the primary tools for geophysical feature identification primarily because of its three-dimensional abili...

Fluid in Geophysics including atmosphere and ocean, compared with the normal fluid in Hydrodynamics, its properties, such as density, pressure, temperature and velocity, all change along with altitude. That is to say, fluid in Geophysics is stratified. Therefore, the characteristics of its turbulence at different stratifications will not be the same, either. Some special characteristics, as wel...