Facts and evidence hold out a steadily increasing prevalence of breast cancer in the mid-1940s. In most cases, the disease is discovered when the disease has reached an advanced stage, therefore, early diagnosis can significantly reduce the burden of disease. Breast cancer has some risk factors, such as tumor size and lymph node involvement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation...

introduction: many radiotracers have been used for sentinel node mapping with acceptable results. the main difference between these radiotracers is the particle size. in the current study, we reported defective labeling of tc-99m antimony sulfide colloid which resulted in large particle size. methods: tc-99m-antimony sulfide colloid was used for axillary sentinel node mapping of 45 breast cance...

background and objectives: breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women in the world. the aim of this study was to assess estrogen receptor (er), progesterone receptor (pr) and her-2/neu of infiltrating ductal carcinoma (idc) with tumor size, histologic grade, lymph node metastasis and age. methods: this study was carried out on 300 tissue blocks ofpatients with idc who underwent mas...

Three-dimensional (3D) imaging technology currently is used by various commercial industries as a method for analyzing objects and shapes. Recent work from our group and others offer data to support the use of 3D imaging as a valuable tool in aesthetic and reconstructive breast surgery. We have developed a system for creating 3D breast models that provides clinical data that can help guide surg...

Background Previous surgery or slim body configuration can limit the size of the available abdominal flap in autologous breast reconstruction. However, redundant skin and subcutaneous tissue lateral to the mastectomy site can be utilized as the pedicled lateral intercostal artery perforator (LICAP) flap. This study evaluates the combination of a free abdominal flap and a pedicled LICAP flap to ...

background: breast cancer arising in young patients (≤ 40 years) is being considered as a distinct clinical entity with more aggressive tumor features and poorer survival. our aim was to assess the impact of age on survival among a large group of iranian women diagnosed with breast cancer. methods: in a cross-sectional study, demographic and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with ...

To investigate the influence of maternal oestrogens on the fetal breast development, maternal urinary oestriol excretion, maternal plasma oestriol concentrations, and cord venous plasma oestradiol and oestriol concentrations were related to the size of the neonatal breast. A significant positive association between oestriol excretion and neonatal breast size was demonstrated, but the relationsh...

introduction the first medical intervention for many breast cancer patients is breast conserving surgery (bcs) and/or modified radical mastectomy (mrm). most of these patients undergo radiation therapy, following surgery. the most common side-effect of breast radiotherapy is skin damage. in the present study, the severity of acute skin changes and the underlying causes were investigated in pati...

Background: Breast engorgement is a postpartum problem in postpartum mothers;more than two-thirds of women develop it. Therefore, various complementary medicine techniques are used to decrease severity of breast engorgement. We aimed to determine the effect of massage and acupressure on severity of breast engorgement in lactating m...