,/V-[4-(5-Nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]acetamide was fed to female 5-week-old Swiss mice at a dose of 0.1% by weight of diet for 13 weeks, with a cumulative dose of 490 mg/mouse/ 13 weeks. The mice were observed for an additional 14-week period while being fed control diet. Because of the sudden appearance of leukemia during the 13th week and cannibalization of moribund mice by other mice, only 1...

We propose a model that estimates standard, enhanced, and flexible decompositions of price promotion effects based on store-level data. At present, decompositions of sales effects due to price promotions are available only for household models. These models decompose the sales elasticity into a category incidence elasticity, a brand choice elasticity and a quantity elasticity. We introduce a me...

Why do products exit markets? This paper integrates rationale for product exit from a number of different literatures and compares the statistical and substantive effect of these explanations. We use a novel dataset covering every product introduced into the desktop laser printer industry since its inception. Using hedonic models, hazard rate models, and count models, this study generates three...

To obtain a competitive advantage in the marketplace, firms usually need to adopt an innovation program as key strategic initiative. New product is accompanied by discarding old products and results negative effects on environment. Conversely, maintain environmental sustainability, greater number of governments have enacted regulations promote remanufacturing integral part manufacturers’ existi...

The cost and revenue earnings potential of alternative power generation sources has shifted considerably in recent years. Here we introduce the concept Levelized Profit Margins (LPM) to capture changing unit economics both intermittent dispatchable technologies. We apply this framework context California Texas wholesale markets. Our LPM estimates indicate that solar photovoltaic wind have subst...

Abstract During episodes of fiscal consolidation in public budgets, there are different instruments to choose from. The literature shows broad consensus that expenditure cuts preferred, whereas tax increases tend not support the aim. paper examines for at municipal level Germany presenting theoretical and empirical findings favor revenue-based instruments, focusing on case municipalities Free S...