Dendritic cells are considered the most influential antigen presenting cells in the body because of their unique role in initiating immunity against threatening antigens. Recent studies addressing the consequences of self-antigen presentation by dendritic cells revealed the unexpected ability of these antigen presenting cells to inhibit T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases. The specific mechanis...

acute myeloid leukemia (aml) is a type of poor prognosis hematological malignancies characterized by heterogeneous clonal expansion of myeloid progenitors. leukemic stem cells are thought to form the majority of a cell population in minimal residual diseases (mrds) which are resistant to current chemotherapeutic regimens and mediate disease relapse. current therapeutic vaccine strategies have d...

Tthyd is an alloantigen coded for by a gene(s) near the immunoglobulin locus on chromosome 12 in the mouse. This T cell-specific antigen may be the third member of a family of antigen receptors on T cells encoded by a cluster of genes in the IgT-C region. This antigen is preferentially expressed on thymocytes in contrast to Tindd or Tsud that are expressed on peripheral T cells. The hypothesis ...

Cell surface phenotypes of 113 B lineage acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) cases, defined by the presence of HLA-DR and at least one B-cell-specific antigen (either CD19, CD20, or CD22), were compared with antigen-defined stages of normal B lymphocyte development. The cases were first evaluated for expression of HLA-DR, CD19, CD34, CD10, CD20, and CD22 by indirect one-color immunofluorescence. P...

The connection between innate and adaptive immunity is best exemplified by antigen presentation. Although antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are required for antigen receptor-mediated T-cell activation, how T-cells feedback to APCs to sustain an antigen-specific immune response is not completely clear. Here we show that CD8+ T-cell (also called cytotoxic T lymphocytes, CTL) feedback activates the ...

BACKGROUND Developing safe and effective cancer vaccine formulations is a primary focus in the field of cancer immunotherapy. Dendritic cells (DC) are currently employed as cellular vaccine in clinical trials of tumor immunotherapy. Recognizing the critical role of DCs in initiating anti-tumor immunity has resulted in the development of several strategies that target vaccine antigens to DCs to ...

Cell surface antigens used as markers of in vivo differentiation may not be stable on monocytes maintained under different conditions of in vitro culture. Monocytes were isolated from blood by centrifugation over Percoll or by adherence to plastic dishes, and the cells cultured in suspension or as adherent monolayers. Initially, monocytes obtained by both methods were similar in size, morpholog...

Transfer of antigen between antigen-presenting cells (APCs) is potentially a physiologically relevant mechanism to spread antigen to cells with specialized stimulatory functions. Here we show that specific CD8+ T cell responses induced in response to intravenous administration of antigen-loaded bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BM-DCs), were ablated in mice selectively depleted of endogenous...

Background: The process of wound healing involves integrated events including inflammation, granulation tissue formation, matrix deposition and remodeling. Growth factors play a key role in the process. Among them transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1) is known to accelerate tissue repair by promoting the synthesis and deposition of extracellular matrix proteins. However, persistence or overact...

During an immune response, the affinity of antibodies that react with the antigen that triggered the response increases with time, a phenomenon known as affinity maturation. The molecular basis of affinity maturation has been partially elucidated. It involves the somatic mutation of immunoglobulin V-region genes within antigen-stimulated germinal center B cells and the subsequent selection of h...