Natural ventilation is an energy-efficient way to provide fresh air and enhance indoor comfort levels. The wind-driven natural in courtyards has been investigated by many researchers, particularly the influence of spatial configuration environmental parameters on thermal performance. However, previous research mainly focused courtyard region instead spaces surrounding it. Additionally, as a mic...

Abstract Single-family courtyard houses, with spaces oriented towards an internal, private patio, became popular in Western Europe the 1960s and 1970s. In Poland, developments are infrequent were mostly built 1970s 1980s. This study aims to improve our understanding of their low popularity. Poles seem prefer traditional housing solutions, clearly favouring detached considered provide most comfo...

This paper investigates the architecture of Dezzak Grand Mosque in Saravan City for first time to best our knowledge. One most important research problems was lack sufficient information about Mosque. Considering that some Islamic geographers had sporadically mentioned an old mosque southeast Iran, comprehensive field not done this regard. study compares oldest South East Iran with Prophet Mohm...

Wind catchers (wind towers) are one component of the traditional sustainable buildings with a centralcourtyard in the hot regions of Iran. In this research a most common type of the wind tower – the foursided wind catcherwas evaluated both experimentally and numerically. The tower of the Mortazhouse in the city center of Yazd was equipped with temperature, wind, air velocity and...

This paper presents the most up to date discussion on architecture of temple Millions Years Thutmose III, which has been investigated by Spanish-Egyptian joint project since 2008. The first archaeological works took place at site end nineteenth century and during decades twentieth century. Twelve seasons resumed research have brought, e.g. some completely new data concerning buildings related (...

Currently, there is a lack of accurate simulation tools for the thermal performance modeling courtyards due to their intricate thermodynamics. Machine Learning (ML) models have previously been used predict and evaluate structural buildings as means solving complex mathematical problems. Nevertheless, microclimatic conditions building surroundings not thoroughly addressed by these methodologies....