Molecular phylogenies often reveal that taxa circumscribed by phenotypical characters are not monophyletic. While re-examination of phenotypical characters often identifies the presence of characters characterizing clades, there is a growing number of studies that fail to identify diagnostic characters, especially in organismal groups lacking complex morphologies. Taxonomists then can either me...

abstract in order to evaluate the effects of biofertilizers on yield and morphological characters in dragonhead, an experiment based on randomized complete block design with four replications was conducted in 2008. treatments were nitroxin, biological phosphorus, biosulfur, nitroxin+biological phosphorus, biological phosphorus+ biosulfur, nitroxin+ biosulfur, nitroxin+biological phosphorus+ bio...

Chemical databases store information in text representations, and the SMILES format is a universal standard used in many cheminformatics software. Encoded in each SMILES string is structural information that can be used to predict complex chemical properties. In this work, we develop SMILES2vec, a deep RNN that automatically learns features from SMILES strings to predict chemical properties, wi...

The pharmacological evaluation demonstrated that the extracts from the stem of S. brachyanthera could significantly increase the outputs of urine of rats compared to those of furosemide treated group, and the effect could last for a longer period of time. The best effect appeared in the first two hours, which scientifically confirmed the diuretic effect of the plant. The comparative pharmacogno...

A coding procedure is presented for secondary chemical data whereby putative biogenetic pathways are coded as phylogenetic characters with enzymatic conversions between compounds representing the corresponding character states. A character state tree or stepmatrix allows direct representation of the secondary chemical biogenetic pathway and avoids problems of non-independence associated with co...

This study was carried out to determine the effects of putrescine(Put) and humic acid (HA) foliar applications on growth, yield and chemical composition of Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L. cv. Giza 90)plants grown under saline soil condition. A soil mixture of, clay: sand (1:1), was used as a plant growing media. Three different doses of putrescine (0, 1 and 2 ppm) and humic acid (0, 1 ...