Objective To describe the quantitative image quality and histogram-based evaluation of an iterative reconstruction (IR) algorithm in chest computed tomography (CT) scans at low-to-ultralow CT radiation dose levels. Materials and Methods In an adult anthropomorphic phantom, chest CT scans were performed with 128-section dual-source CT at 70, 80, 100, 120, and 140 kVp, and the reference (3.4 mG...

Radiologic Procedure Rating Comments RRL* X-ray chest 9 ☢ CT chest with IV contrast 8 ☢ ☢ ☢ CT chest and abdomen without IV contrast 8 ☢ ☢ ☢ ☢ CT chest and abdomen without and with IV contrast 8 ☢ ☢ ☢ ☢ CTA chest with IV contrast 8 ☢ ☢ ☢ CTA chest and abdomen with IV contrast 8 ☢ ☢ ☢ ☢ MRA chest without and with IV contrast 8 O MRA chest and abdomen without and with IV contrast 8 O US echocardi...

A common dose-saving technique used in modern CT devices is automatic tube current modulation (TCM), which was originally designed to also reduce the dose in paediatric CT patients. In order to be able to deduce detailed organ doses of paediatric models, dose conversion coefficients normalized to CTDI(vol) for an eight-week-old baby and seven- and eight-year-old children have been computed acco...

OBJECTIVES The management of chest tubes is one of the most critical aspects in patient care in thoracic surgery, and no consensus exists regarding the ideal chest tube management strategy. METHODS Chest tube management protocols and their effects on chest tube therapy were compared at four German specialist thoracic surgery units. Altogether, 79 patients were stratified for underlying diseas...

This review examines pleural decompression and drainage during initial hospital adult trauma reception and resuscitation, when it is indicated for haemodynamically unstable patients with signs of pneumothorax or haemothorax. The relevant historical background, techniques, complications and current controversies are highlighted. Key findings of this review are that: 1. Needle thoracocentesis is ...

A 22-year-old male patient presented with high grade fever and cough for 2 weeks duration. He had scanty expectoration and mild shortness of breath for the same duration. He was non-diabetic and had no history of chest trauma or contact with any patient of tuberculosis. Sputum for AFB was negative in three consecutive samples. Blood sugar was normal. ELISA for HIV (I and II) was negative. After...

Background Little is known about clinical factors associated with undetectable pneumonic shadows on chest radiographs (CRs) for diagnosing pneumonia in the primary care setting. Methods A retrospective assessment of CRs was conducted to compare chest computed tomography (CT) images of patients admitted to Kesennuma City Motoyoshi Municipal Hospital who were diagnosed with pneumonia from April...

ALI Acute lung injury ARDS Acute respiratory distress syndrome COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CT Computerized tomography CXR Chest X-ray (radiograph) DLT Double lumen endotracheal tube(s) ECG Electrocardiogram EGD Esophagogastroduodenoscopy EUS Endoscopic ultrasound GDFT Goal-directed fluid therapy GERD Gastroesophageal reflux disease LEA Lumbar epidural analgesia LES Lower esophage...

BACKGROUND Occult pneumothoraces (OPTXs) are seen on abdominal computed tomographic (CT) scans but not on routine chest x-ray films. Optimal treatment for blunt trauma OPTXs has not been defined. We hypothesized that OPTXs could be safely observed without need for a chest tube (CT). METHODS A prospective trial randomized blunt trauma patients with OPTXs to CT scan or observation. Patients wer...