This paper investigates the impacts of cap-and-trade (CAT) regulation on a three-echelon closed-loop supply chain network (CLSCN) that consists suppliers, high-emission and low-emission manufacturers, demand markets carbon trading centers. The presented CLSCN model includes both product subnets. Combining variational inequality theory (VI) with complementary theory, we first characterize optima...

Nowadays, researches pay more attention to environmental concerns consisted of various communities. This study proposes a multi-echelon, multi-period closed-loop supply chain (CLSC). A comprehensive model considers the selection of selection of technology and environmental effects. The supply chain is under a build-to-order (BTO) environment. So, there is not a final product inventory. Also, th...

In this paper, we construct a type of dynamic closed-loop supply chain network (CLSCN) model with dual-channel (the traditional channel and the Internet channel), time-delays and uncertainties of cost parameters, gratuitous return rate, remanufacturing/recycling/disposal rates, customer preference rate and customer demand. Furthermore, in order to improve the robustness of CLSCN, we propose a r...

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix CHAPTER 1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Thesis Structure and Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 CHAPTER 2. OPTIMAL PRICING AN...

Environmental, social and economic concerns motivate the operation of closed-loop supply chain networks (CLSCN) in many industries. We propose a novel profit maximization model for CLSCN design as a mixedinteger linear program inwhich there is flexibility in covering the proportions of demand satisfied and returns collected based on the firm’s policies. Our major contribution is to develop a no...

The textile and clothing industry generates much pollution and consumes a large amount of resources. Improper uses and disposal of clothing products make the problems much more severe. Fast fashion products shorten the valid lifecycle and generate more waste than regular clothing products. Considering the features of fashion products, a system of a rent-based closed-loop supply chain is develop...