M any flagellated species of bacteria can swim in liquids and glide along surfaces, while motile species without flagella only can glide. Much is known about flagella, whose rotary mechanism is believed to be universal. By contrast, gliding motility is a term used to describe various movements on surfaces by several different mechanisms, none of which is fully understood. Saprospira grandis, me...

In this study, we measured the composition and free radical scavenging activity of several species of nuts, namely, Torreya grandis, Carya cathayensis,and Myrica rubra. The nut kernels of the aforementioned species are rich in fatty acids, particularly in unsaturated fatty acids, and have 51% oil content. T. grandis and C. cathayensis are mostly produced in ZheJiang province. The trace elements...

The aim of the present study is to quantify the amount of aspartic acid in Coccinia indica crude drug, lab extract and commercial extract by HPTLC method. The stationary phase was precoated aluminium silica gel G F 254 Plates. The mobile phase for aspartic acid was n-Butanol: Glacial acetic Acid: Water (50: 10: 40). The methanolic solution of standard aspartic acid (1 mg/ ml concentration) 5 μl...

The ability of prey to respond to predators is especially important in human-altered habitats, where prey are faced with changing predator regimes. A growing body of research has shown the important ecological impacts of intraspecific, individual differences in behavior, but few studies have shown direct fitness consequences of behavioral types in a predation context. We examined behavioral syn...

The female of Tropidonotacris grandis is described and information on distribution, habitat, song, chromosomes and nymphal development of this species given. The populations of northern Tanzania all occur in deciduous dry forest, a habitat highly endangered by destruction and therefore T. grandis must be regarded at least as a vulnerable species according to the IUCN red list. 

Cotton plants are subjected to the attack of several insect pests. In Brazil, the cotton boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis, is the most important cotton pest. The use of insecticidal proteins and gene silencing by interference RNA (RNAi) as techniques for insect control are promising strategies, which has been applied in the last few years. For this insect, there are not much available molecular ...

Boron (B) toxicity is observed in some citrus orchards in China. However, limited data are available on the molecular mechanisms of citrus B-toxicity and B-tolerance. Using cDNA-AFLP, we identified 20 up- and 52 down-regulated genes, and 44 up- and 66 down-regulated genes from excess B-treated Citrus sinensis and Citrus grandis roots, respectively, thereby demonstrating that gene expression pro...

Nitrogen (N) serves as an important mineral element affecting plant productivity and nutritional quality. However, few studies have addressed the interactive effects of elevated CO2 and precipitation change on leaf N of dominant grassland genera such as Stipa L. This has restricted our understanding of the responses of grassland to climate change. We simulated the interactive effects of elevate...