This article presents an experimental investigation on the bending capacity of steel-concrete composite truss girder (SCCTG). Four full-scale specimens named CB1, CB2a, CB2b and CB3 respectively, are tested and numerical analyzed. Stress distribution, load-displacement relationship, load-slip relationship and ultimate bending capacity of SCCTGs are investigated. The results show that SCCTG foll...

In this study, discrepancies between the free vibration of fiber-metal laminate (FML) and composite cylindrical shells reinforced by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) based on Love’s first approximation shell theory have been considered by beam modal function model. The representative volume elements consist of three and four phases for composite and FML structures, respectively, which include fiber, CNT...

The definition of sustainability includes three fundamental pillars: economic, environmental, and social. Studies the economic impact on civil engineering infrastructures have been focused cost reduction. It is not necessarily in line with due to lack other factors. Moreover, social pillar assessment has weakly developed compared environmental ones. essential focus evaluate clear indicators tha...

Quickly updatable hologram images using photorefractive (PR) polymer composite based on poly(N-vinyl carbazole) (PVCz) is presented. PVCz is one of the pioneer materials of photoconductive polymers. PR polymer composite consists of 44 wt % of PVCz, 35 wt % of 4-azacycloheptylbenzylidene-malonitrile (7-DCST) as a nonlinear optical dye, 20 wt % of carbazolylethylpropionate (CzEPA) as a photocondu...

This paper presents a study for identifying damage locations in an idealized steel bridge girder using the ambient vibration measurements. A sensitive damage feature is proposed in the context of statistical pattern recognition to address the damage detection problem. The study utilizes an experimental program that consists of a two-span continuous steel beam subjected to ambient vibrations. Th...

Continuous rigid frame bridge is a common type of bridge in California, where is a seismically active areas. Main structural features of the bridge, including asymmetry, hinge structure, concretion of girder and piers affect the seismic response of the bridge significantly. In order to evaluate the safety of the bridge under earthquake, the nonlinear models of girder, limiting steels in hinge, ...