Heosemys grandis , a species of Asian water turtle, that has wide range applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Since some processed products cannot be identified exclusively by morphological microscopic identification, reliable quick approach to guarantee authenticity is critical. Thus, we fostered an effective stable molecular identification system identify based on DNA mini-b...

All intellectual property rights, including copyright in this publication, except for those attributed to named sources, are owned by the author(s) of this research memorandum. No part of this publication may be copied or transmitted in any form without the prior written consent from the author(s) whose contact address is given on the title page of the research memorandum. Abstract This researc...

In her paper, "The Staged Self in Mary Carleton's Autobiographical Narratives," Geraldine Wagner examines Mary Carleton's use of romance and picaresque modes of self-representation to appropriate and redefine counterfeiting as a legitimate means to identity. The most notorious female criminal of the English Restoration, Mary Carleton, captured the public's imagination in 1662 when she stood tri...

Smoking remains the leading cause of preventable disease in the United States. Exposure to tobacco smoke leads to cancer, heart and lung disease, and addiction. The origin of the tobacco and cigarette manufacturing practices of counterfeit cigarettes are unknown. Because toxic metals are incorporated into the tobacco lamina during cultivation, the ambient metal content of the soil could produce...

Among the medical schools responsible for the surge forward of American Medicine in the first third of this century, the Yale Medical School has taken a special place. More than anyone you are responsible for the accomplishments and the continuing intellectual tradition of that school. To an admirable degree you have justified the trust placed in you that you would insist on putting your convic...

The fermentation products of Cordyceps sinensis (C. sinensis) mycelia are sustainable substitutes for natural C. sinensis. However, the volatile compositions of the commercial products are still unclear. In this paper, we have developed a simultaneous distillation-extraction (SDE) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method for the profiling of volatile components in five fermentati...

Counterfeiting of drugs has now become a lucrative multi-billion dollar business that threatens the effective delivery of health care services. Apart from Africa and other marginally developed parts of the world, the developed economies are equally not spared from the bane of this trade. To combat this menace, concerted efforts are needed from various facets of the community. In addition to vis...

During the past years, pharmaceutical counterfeiting was mainly a problem of developing countries with weak enforcement and inspection programs. However, Europe and North America are more and more confronted with the counterfeiting problem. During this study, 26 counterfeits and imitations of Viagra® tablets and 8 genuine tablets of Viagra® were analysed by Raman microspectroscopy imaging. Afte...

The recent proliferation of digital multimedia content has raised concerns about authentication mechanisms for multimedia data. A number of authentication techniques based on digital watermarks have been proposed in the literature. In this paper we examine the security of the Yeung-Mintzer authentication watermarking technique and show that it is vulnerable to different types of impersonation a...

Global sales of second-hand luxury products are steadily increasing. To better understand key drivers for purchasing products, a survey was conducted including 469 respondents. The study not only includes existing customers, but also non-customers and thus potential future clientele. Based on the theory planned behavior, components attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, indiv...