We address three questions: (i) Can classical models be reconciled with the fact that many crises are marked by high rates of depreciation and small increases in seignorage revenue? (ii) What are the implications of different financing methods for post-crisis rates of inflation and depreciation? (iii) How do governments pay for the fiscal costs associated with currency crises? To study these qu...

Given the growing scale and complexity of responses to humanitarian crises, it is important to develop a stronger evidence base for health interventions in such contexts. Humanitarian crises present unique challenges to rigorous and effective research, but there are substantial opportunities for scientific advance. Studies need to focus where the translation of evidence from noncrisis scenarios...

This article will review the case of a young patient with mental retardation a , autistic disorder, and Tourette Syndrome who exhibited a favourable treatment response preferentially to risperidone. His presentation, however, was complicated by an exquisite sensitivity to risperidone displayed in the form of recurrent oculogyric crises. In this article, we will outline a review of the case, a s...

Bank crises, by interrupting liquidity provision, have been viewed as resulting in welfare losses. In a model of banking with moral hazard, we show that second best bank contracts that improve on autarky ex ante require costly crises to occur with positive probability at the interim stage. When bank payoffs are partially appropriable, either directly via imposition of fines or indirectly by the...

Double crises of chaotic oscillators in the presence of fuzzy uncertainty are studied by means of the fuzzy generalized cellmappingmethod.A fuzzy chaotic attractor is characterized by its global topology and membership distribution. A fuzzy crisis implies a simultaneous sudden change both in the topology of the chaotic attractor and in its membership distribution. It happenswhen a fuzzy chaotic...

AIMS To identify suitable acute phase proteins as objective markers of tissue ischaemia during painful vaso-occlusive crises in sickle cell disease. METHODS The prodromal and established phases of 14 vaso-occlusive crises were studied longitudinally in 10 patients with sickle cell anaemia. Automated solid phase enzyme immunoassays were used to measure the fast responding acute phase proteins ...

In this paper I use historical data to analyze the relationship between crises and growth in Latin America. I calculate by how much the region's GDP per capita has been reduced as a consequence of the recurrence of external crises. I also analyze the determinants of major balance of payments crises. The main conclusion is that it is unlikely that Latin America will, on average, experience a maj...

tion, and disinvestments in health systems have contributed to increasing national crises and made countries more vulnerable to systemic shocks. Over this period the world has experienced an alarming increase in costly humanitarian disasters that have tragically affected millions of people each year. Shocks have included violent internal conflicts; natural traumas such as droughts and hurricane...

The paper by Barry Eichengreen and Ricardo Haussman is correct to focus on the policies that the emerging market countries (EMC) themselves can pursue to reduce the risk of future economic crises, instead of discussing new policies for the IMF or for the industrial countries that some analysts hope might achieve that goal. I agree with their emphasis on EMC self-help and on the multiple causes ...

Malignant hypertension still constitutes a medical emergency, particularly when complicated by renal failure, encephalopathy, or left ventricular failure. A shift to the right of the autoregulatory curve of cerebral blood flow (and probably of renal blood flow) is known to occur in patients with hypertension. Local cerebral edema, complicating the malignant phase, is likely to aggravate this tr...