Based on the analysis of solar radiation and meteorological parameters measured at a subtropical forest in China during 2013–2016, new empirical model global irradiance has been developed. It can calculate ground top atmosphere (TOA); both are agreement with observations. This is used to extinction contributions from absorbing scattering substances. The loss dominated by results show clear seas...

VHE (Very High Energy, E ∼> 100 GeV) radiation emitted at cosmological distances will pair produce on low-energy diffuse extragalactic background radiation before ever reaching us. This prevents us from directly seeing most of the VHE emission in the Universe. However, a VHE γ-ray that pair produces initiates an electromagnetic pair cascade. At low energies, this secondary cascade radiation has...

Very high energy (VHE, E ? 100 GeV) radiation emitted at cosmological distances will pair produce on low-energy diffuse extragalactic background radiation before ever reaching us. This prevents us from directly seeing most of the VHE emission in the universe. However, a VHE g-ray that pair produces initiates an electromagnetic pair cascade. At low energies, this secondary cascade radiation has ...

The propagation of γ-rays through metagalactic space is associated with pair creation and subsequent inverse-Compton scattering off low-energy background radiation. As a consequence, γ-rays of very high energy emitted by remote sources are reprocessed into the window from 10 MeV to 30 GeV conserving the injected energy. Any cosmologically distributed population of γ-ray sources therefore contri...

background: over the past few years, the rapid use of high frequency electromagnetic fields like mobile phones has raised global concerns about the negative health effects of its use. adaptive response is the ability of a cell or tissue to better resist stress damage by prior exposure to a lesser amount of stress. this study aimed to assess whether radiofrequency radiation can induce adaptive r...

In this paper we present a novel real-time algorithm to compute the global illumination of scenes with dynamic geometry and arbitrarily complex dynamic illumination. We use a virtual point light (VPL) illumination model on the volume representation of the scene. Light is propagated in void space using an iterative diffusion approach. Unlike other dynamic VPL-based real-time approaches, our meth...

The Typical meteorological year (TMY) database is often used to calculate air-conditioning loads, and it directly affects the building energy savings design. Among four kinds of TMY databases in China—including Chinese Year Weather (CTYW), International for Energy Calculations (IWEC), Solar Wind Resource Assessment (SWERA) Standard Data (CSWD)—only CSWD measures solar radiation, most China. How...