Texting and other cell-phone related distracted driving is estimated to account for thousands of motor vehicle collisions each year but studies examining the specific cell phone reading and writing activities of drivers are limited. The objective of this study was to describe the frequency of cell-phone related distracted driving behaviors. A national, representative, anonymous panel of 1211 Un...

people with alzheimer disease (ad) have decreases in brain cell function that may increase their risks as drivers. the changes in brain cells affect memory (at first, short-term memory and then much later, long-term memory) and other thinking functions. in addition, people with early ad, though often very functional in many areas of life, may not be as competent behind the wheel of a car as tho...

Sociolinguistic research has increasingly turned to examining the use of both the grammar and speech events of black speech by non-Blacks. This phenomenon called language crossing is defined as “the use of language varieties associated with social or ethnic groups that the speaker does not normally ‘belong’ to” (Rampton 1995:14). Although the literature has focused on phonological features, the...

Actuator materials can directly convert different types of energy into mechanical energy. In this work, we designed and fabricated electrothermal air pump-type actuators by utilization of various nanostructured carbon materials, including single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), reduced graphene oxide (r-GO), and graphene oxide (GO)/SWCNT hybrid films as heating elements to transfer electrical st...

This paper analyses transport energy consumption of conventional and electric vehicles in mountainous roads. A standard round trip in Andorra has been modelled in order to characterise vehicle dynamics in hilly regions. Two conventional diesel vehicles and their electric-equivalent models have been simulated and their performances have been compared. Six scenarios have been simulated to study t...

In this paper we describe a small electric vehicle equipped with automatisms that allow autonomous motion. A eet of such vehicles could be one element of a novel urban transportation system to door-to-door displacement in closed area (city centers but also touristic resorts, campuses, ...) if they are used in self-service and car-sharing mode. The speciications in the matter of performances (ra...