Resilience is defined in different ways by different disciplines and different authors but in general resilience may be defined as the ability of a system and its component parts to anticipate, absorb, accommodate, or recover from the effects of a hazardous event in a timely and efficient manner. Resilience is applicable at the micro as macro level, and for this reason, is sometimes defined as ...

Today, small and medium enterprises are considered as one of the main components of economic development for various reasons. To name a few, job creation, resource efficiency, the ability to enhance local technology, the ability to meet new needs, quick decision-making, and training successful managers will all lead to the growth and economic development of countries. Despite these benefits, sm...

This paper aims to advance economic development theory through the concept of jurisdictional advantage; demonstrating how places might strategically position themselves to gain economic advantage; then considering how this place-specific advantage might be constructed. We choose the term jurisdiction to define the set of actors that have a common interest in a spatially bound community. Jurisdi...

Economic freedom indicators have become quite popular recently as a useful tool to quantify the relationship between a country’s institutions and its prosperity. In a recent article, Hanson (2003) criticizes these types of studies for: (i) failing to adequately distinguish between different proxies for economic freedom, (ii) not considering the potential for endogeneity, and (iii) accepting sig...

“Economic empowerment” is the ability of vulnerable women to make a decent living for themselves and their family. This ability not only helps them to meet their essential needs continuously, but also decreases the stress level and mental strains caused by deficiencies in the process of satisfying these needs. A range of fundamental and prevalent social issues affecting various societies usuall...

A model of occupational choice and human capital investment is developed and tested. The model allows family background to in‡uence occupational choice via access to economic resources, di¤erences in costs of schooling, and ability uncertainty. The model predicts that people are more sensitive to economic incentives when considering occupations that are di¤erent from the parental occupation. It...

the use of more competitive species and cultivars in small grain cereal production may help to develop production systems that require less herbicide. this study was designed to identify root and shoot characteristics of cereal seedlings that would allow distinguishing the more competitive (mc) cultivars from the less competitive (lc) ones. two growth cabinet trials were conducted using four cr...

quantitative valuations of observed heterosis for 11 traits of 15 f1 hybrids generated by half diallel crosses of six diverse rice cultivars (domsefid, hashemi and binam, three iranian local cultivars; dorfak, kadous and ir30, three improved cultivars), were made in this study. fifteen f1 hybrids and their parents were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications at t...