This paper develops the empirical and theoretical case that differences in economic institutions are the fundamental cause of differences in economic development. We first document the empirical importance of institutions by focusing on two "quasi-natural experiments" in history, the division of Korea into two parts with very different economic institutions and the colonization of much of the w...

China is a vast and overpopulated country in the eastern Asia whose energy security and supply is the most important factor of economic growth and consequently, economic, social and political security. By the past decades, its leaders have understood the key role of economic growth and development in the economic and political security of china. Thus, they have put all their concentration on th...

abstract cultural, social, economic, and political context of the art work is one of the important factors, that can improve and develop the theoretical achievements of the research project, if it is effectively and carefully contained in comparative and intercultural art studies. in this article, first of all we study the contextuality of artistic works and subjects from the theoretical perspe...

the narcotic drugs business find its abusement, nowadays, have been one of the most basic political, economic, health, cultural anti-family disorders in almost all over the world. despite all technologic anti cultural developments, it seems that the tendency and interest of producers, distributors and users of these drugs in all different age levels are growing up increasingly. unfortunately, t...

a brief study on the history of 20th century reveals that capitalist system has been facing to political, military and economic crisis including world wars i and ii, economic crisis of 1929 and 1973, economic crisis of southeast of asia in 90s and the current economic crisis. while theories of international political economy have in common with the occurrence of the crisis itself, they are diff...