A common environmental externality of groundwater pumping is streamflow depletion. To manage impacts on hydrologically connected surface water systems, regulators often impose quotas, or allocations, limiting the rates extraction. Allocations vary in their temporal flexibility, ranging from single-year “hard caps” to multi-year “soft caps”. Soft cap allocations allow greater flexibility for far...

The common consideration on economic model is that there is knowledge about the risk of occurrence of an assignable cause and the various cost parameters that does not always adequately describe what happens in practice. Hence, there is a need for more realistic assumptions to be incorporated. In order to reduce cost penalties for not knowing the true values of some parameters, this paper aims ...

The basic purpose of the economic design of the control charts is to find the optimum control charts parameters to minimize the process cost. In this paper, an R package, edcc (economic design of control charts), which provides a numerical method to find the optimum chart parameters is presented using the unified approach of the economic design. Also, some examples are given to illustrate how t...