This paper tries to address the impact of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization on Central Asian security. This organization was established on April 26, 1996 to settle security and territorial disputes between China and Russia and Central Asian countries (other than Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan). After the accession of Uzbekistan to this assembly, the level of the organization was promoted, and...

This paper tries to address the impact of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization on Central Asian security. This organization was established on April 26, 1996 to settle security and territorial disputes between China and Russia and Central Asian countries (other than Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan). After the accession of Uzbekistan to this assembly, the level of the organization was promoted, and...

This article presents the key insights about the environment and security links in the context of the Persian Gulf region. This research paper focuses on the challenge of finding a balance among development, armed conflicts and environmental degradation in the Persian Gulf region. Environmental security challenges are human security, sustainable development and regional cooperation in the Persi...

economic cooperation organization (eco) is one of the institutions that have been established to help identify and resolve the problems faced by the region. in order to celebrate the eco day, a meeting was held at the center for graduate international studies, faculty of law and political science, university of tehran as attended by yahya maroufi, eco secretary-general, mr. taherian, eco under-...

tajikistan is a hotspot of plant and animal species diversity and endemism andis important for the conservation of biodiversity on a global scale. the country is located ata biological crossroads. species from central and northern europe, central asia, themiddle east, and north africa mingle here with endemics found nowhere else. therichness of tajikistan‘s biodiversity shows up at the genetic,...

In dyadic models of indirect reciprocity, the receivers’ history of giving has a significant impact on the donor’s decision. When the interaction involves more than two agents things become more complicated, and in large groups cooperation can hardly emerge. In this work we use a Public Goods Game to investigate whether publicly available reputation scores may support the evolution of cooperati...

Recent research has identified the heterogeneity as crucial for the evolution of cooperation in spatial population. However, the influence of heterogeneous noise is still lack. Inspired by this interesting question, in this work, we try to incorporate heterogeneous noise into the evaluation of utility, where only a proportion of population possesses noise, whose range can also be tuned. We find...