PURPOSE To develop a method for evaluating viscosity and elasticity of the cornea and to examine the effect that both properties have on hysteresis. METHODS A three-component spring and dashpot model was created in Simulink in Matlab to represent the purely elastic and viscoelastic behavior of the cornea during a measurement using device called an ocular response analyzer (ORA). Values for el...

We consider finite element methods based on simplices to solve the problem of nearly incompressible elasticity. Two different approaches based respectively on dual meshes and dual bases are presented, where in both approaches pressure is discontinuous and can be statically condensed out from the system. These novel approaches lead to displacement-based low order finite element methods for nearl...

Implicit time integration schemes that inherit the conservation laws of total energy, linear and angular momentum are considered for initial boundary-value problems in ®nite-deformation elastodynamics. Conserving schemes are constructed for general hyperelastic material models, both compressible and incompressible, and are formulated in a way that is independent of spatial discretization. Three...

This paper focuses on gender differences in job mobility and earnings for workers in Brazil. Monopsony theory suggests a link between the wage elasticity of labor supply and wage penalties. Should one group of workers be less elastic in their supply choices, that group is predicted to earn less than others. To measure wage elasticity, I estimate a hazard model on voluntary job separations using...

BACKGROUND Quantifying passive stretching responses of individual muscles helps the diagnosis of muscle disorders and aids the evaluation of surgical/rehabilitation treatments. Utilizing an animal model, we demonstrated that shear elastic modulus measured by supersonic shear wave elastography increases linearly with passive muscle force. This study aimed to use this state-of-the-art technology ...

BACKGROUND To evaluate the effect of perfusion status on elasticity measurements of different compartments in the kidney using shear wave elastography (SWE) both in vivo and ex vivo. METHODS Thirty-two rabbit kidneys were used to observe the elasticity variation caused by renal artery stenosis and vein ligation in vivo, and six beagle kidneys were studied ex vivo to explore the effect of rena...

Dynamic modulus of elasticity was determined in clearwood samples of eight tropical hardwood species using longitudinal vibrations, flexural vibration and ultrasonic transit-time methods. These samples were subsequently subjected to three point static bending test to determine static modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture. Acoustic velocity and wood density were found to be independent pa...

• Mixed methods for elastodynamics with weak symmetry. • Mixed finite elements for elasticity on quadrilateral meshes. • Finite element differential forms on curvilinear cubic meshes and their approximation properties. Numer. • Nonconforming tetrahedral mixed finite elements for elasticity. • Mixed finite element approximation of the vector Laplacian with Dirichlet boundary conditions. Math. • ...

SUMMARY Using well{known concepts from the scalar case (cf. Kor94]) we derive globally convergent multigrid methods for the discretized Signorini problem in linear elasticity. Special care has to be taken in case of varying normal directions. The algorithm can be implemented as a multigrid V{cycle with optimal complexity. In numerical experiments we observed similar convergence rates as for lin...