As a rst approximation, a metal can be modelled as an electron gas. A non-interacting electron gas has a continuous spectrum of electron-hole pair excitations. At each wavevector ~ Q with j~ Qj less than the maximum Fermi surface spanning vector (2kF ) there is a continuous set of electron-hole pair states, with a maximum energy but no gap (the minimum energy is zero.) Once the Coulomb interact...

When electronically excited CO(a(3)Π) collides with a Au(111) surface, electron emission can be observed with a quantum efficiency of 0.13. We have studied the influence of Ar, Kr and Xe adsorption on the electron emission efficiency resulting from CO(a(3)Π) quenching. Surprisingly, a single monolayer (ML) of rare gas dramatically enhances electron emission. For Ar and Kr bilayers, emission eff...

A perturbation technique is proposed for solution of the generalized equations governing the thermal behaviour of thin metal ®lms described by a hyperbolic two-step model. The generalized equations of this model contains diffusion terms in both the electron and lattice energy equations and assumes that incident laser radiation is absorbed by both the electron gas and solid lattice to account fo...

Quantum chemical calculations, based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) method, were performed on Calix[4]arene and Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) in gas and liquid phases for comparison purposes. The simulation results show the 1,2,3,4, 6,7,8,9-octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD) is quite a reactive dioxin. This paper attempts to examine the possibility of dioxin adsorption by Calix[n...

The effects of short-term salt stress on gas exchange and the regulation of photosynthetic electron transport were examined in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and its salt-tolerant close relative Thellungiella (Thellungiella halophila). Plants cultivated on soil were challenged for 2 weeks with NaCl. Arabidopsis showed a much higher sensitivity to salt than Thellungiella; while Arabidopsis p...

The variation of an ionizing flux as a mechanism to stimulate the condensation of a diffuse gas is considered. To illustrate this effect, two situations are examined: one on the context of pregalactic conditions, and the other on the context of the actual interstellar medium. We focus our attention on flash-like variations; that is, during a “short” period of time the ionizing flux is enhanced ...

For tracking in a SSC experiment with wire chambers, CF 4 gas mixtures are very advantageous from the point of view of aging, drift velocity, and spatial resolution. However, they are also known to suffer from considerable electron attachment. This attachment can cause serious inefficiencies in the collection of electrons liberated near the anode wire, and causes broadening of the pulse-height ...

At low temperatures, the electron gas of graphene is expected to show both very weak coupling to thermal baths and rapid thermalization, properties which are desirable for use as a sensitive bolometer. We demonstrate an ultrasensitive, wide-bandwidth measurement scheme based on Johnson noise to probe the thermal-transport and thermodynamic properties of the electron gas of graphene, with a reso...

We report on the use of a novel technique to measure the gas density from a pulsed gas jet. Deuterium gas is fully ionized with an intense picosecond laser, and the resulting electron density is measured by interferometric probing with a second picosecond pulse. We have applied this technique to characterize a cryogenically cooled, high-density gas jet.