The diffusive shock acceleration of cosmic rays by supernova remnants depends upon the generation of magnetic fluctuations by cosmic rays upstream of the shock. Strongly driven, non-resonant, nearly purely growing modes grow more rapidly than the resonant Alfvén waves usually considered. Non-linear simulation shows that the magnetic field can be amplified from its seed value by orders of magnit...

In this paper we briefly present our works on the relic gravitational waves (RGW) and the CMB polarization in the accelerating universe. The spectrum of RGW has been obtained, showing the influence of the dark energy. Compared with those from non-accelerating models, the shape of the spectrum is approximately similar, nevertheless, the amplitude of RGW now acquires a suppressing factor of the r...

IN CONGENITAL dextrocardia the problem is frequently whether dextroversion or a mirror-image dextrocardia is present. In the former the atria preserve their usual relationship in the frontal plane but the left ventricle lies anterior to the right. In mirror-image dextrocardia there is atrial inversion and the right ventricle lies anterior to the left. The electrocardiographic findings are gener...

Fast magnetosonic waves in a magnetically-dominated plasma are investigated. In the pulsar wind, these waves may transport a significant fraction of the energy flux. It is shown that the nonlinear steepening and subsequent formation of multiple shocks is a viable mechanism for the wave dissipation in the pulsar wind. The wave dissipation both in the free pulsar wind and beyond the wind terminat...

We study both analytically and numerically hydrodynamical effects of two colliding shells, the simplified models of the internal shock in various relativistic outflows such as gamma-ray bursts and blazars. We pay particular attention to three interesting cases: a pair of shells with the same rest mass density (“equal rest mass density”), a pair of shells with the same rest mass (“equal mass”), ...

The process of cosmic ray acceleration up to energies in excess of 10 eV at relativistic shock waves with large Lorentz factors, Γ ≫ 1 requires ∼ Γ particle energy gains at single reflections from the shock (cf. Gallant & Achterberg 1999). In the present comment, applying numerical simulations we address an efficiency problem arising for such models. The actual efficiency of the acceleration pr...

Experimental images of propagating detonation waves provide lead shock velocity measurements through the cell cycle. We examine the issue of local decoupling of the shock and reaction front using these data. In highly unstable mixtures with high reduced activation energy, experimental images and analysis suggest that local decoupling occurs at the end of the cell cycle. Regions of high fluoresc...

The ECG shows clearly visible P waves only in lead V1 (Fig. 1). Regular PP intervals and an isoelectric baseline are present between the P waves, so the diagnosis is atrial tachycardia [1]. During the ECG recording, lead V1 shows 12 P waves but some of these are not visible because they are concealed by the QRS complex (Fig. 2). In lead V1, the beats following the long RR intervals are conducte...

We discuss upcoming opportunities with cosmic microwave background (CMB) observations during the post-WMAP era. The curlmodes of CMB polarization probe inflationary gravitational waves (IGWs). While a significant source of confusion is expected from cosmic shear conversion of polarization related to density perturbations, higher resolution observations of CMB anisotropies can be used for a lens...

The effects of millimeter waves (MW) on human keratinocytes were studied in vitro using the HaCaT keratinocyte cell line. MW-induced modulation of keratinocyte function was