This paper investigates interaction in synchronous chat tutorials trialed in an introductory statistics course offered in distance education mode. The Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework of Garrison, Anderson and Archer, while primarily developed to inform online asynchronous discussion groups in non-mathematical contexts, is used to describe the interactions in these online tutorials. Transcr...

Astigmatism’s defect has not yet been formulated in Physics and medical physics books theoretically. In this paper, we are trying to formulate the astigmatism’s defect. The results of formulation show that “the degree of astigmatism is negative reverse the distance that vision’s condition of astigmatism’s chart lines change conditions in dimness angle from dimness condition at infinite distance...

Astigmatism’s defect has not yet been formulated in Physics and medical physics books theoretically. In this paper, we are trying to formulate the astigmatism’s defect. The results of formulation show that “the degree of astigmatism is negative reverse the distance that vision’s condition of astigmatism’s chart lines change conditions in dimness angle from dimness condition at infinite distance...

In this paper, we propose an image registration algorithm named statistically-based FFD registration (SFFD). This registration method is a modification of a well-known free-form deformations (FFD) approach. Our framework dramatically reduces the number of parameters to optimise and only needs to perform a single-resolution optimisation to account for coarse and fine local displacements, in cont...

FFD represent a widely used model for the non-rigid registration of medical images. The balance between robustness to noise and accuracy in modelling localised motion is typically controlled by the control point grid spacing and the amount of regularisation. More recently, TFFD have been proposed which extend the FFD approach in order to recover smooth motion from temporal image sequences. In t...

Many tourism destinations characterized by spring blossom festivals (e.g., cherry blossom festival) became increasingly popular around the world. Usually, spring blossom festivals should be planned within the flowering period of specific ornamental plants. In the context of climate and phenological change, whether the administrators of tourism destinations had perceived and responded to the flo...

ÐFree-Form Deformation (FFD) is a versatile and efficient modeling technique which transforms an object by warping the surrounding space. The conventional user-interface is a lattice of movable control points but this tends to be cumbersome and counterintuitive. Directly Manipulated Free-Form Deformation (DMFFD) allows the user to drag object points directly and has proven useful in an interact...