in this survey, made to determine instances of bacteriuria occurring in hospitalized patients who had undergone catheterization, 259 urine specimens were taken from 103 patients admitted to three hospitals in tehran. of the 73 patients who had no urinary tract infection or contamination, 40 (54.8%) developed bacteriuria at the end of catheterization. incidence of bacteriuria in patients under a...

leptospirosis is a zoonosis of worldwide distribution, caused by leptospira interrogans and is considered as an emerging global public health problem. transmission usually results from direct or indirect exposure to the urine or other body fluids of leptospiruric animals which may become a source of infection for human or other animals. having a humid climate with plenty of annual rainfall, gui...

background: prevalence of electrophysiological abnormalities in patients with lumbosacral radiculopathy was evaluated. methods: a cross-sectional study was performed on 97 consecutive patients with the clinical diagnosis of lumbosacral radiculopathy. complete neurological examinations and standard electrophysiological evaluation was performed on the patients. results: patients under study had t...

Urinalysis is a simple urine analysis performed in many healthcare settings and at home that reveals important diagnostic information. Diabetes mellitus, kidney failure, renal, liver diseases, hydration, urinary tract infection, metabolic abnormalities are among the diseases studied. to perform using test strip, but results must be correctly interpreted. noninvasive, widely available, reasonabl...

background:urinary tract infections (utis) are the most common infectious diseases in childhood. the uropathogenic escherichia coli (upec) strains account for as much as 80% of utis. objective:from a clinical perspective, it is important to know which virulence factors and antibiotic resistance properties are present in upec strains in pediatrics. therefore, this study was carried out to invest...

Background: Extracardiac malformations can be seen in 20-45% of infants with congenital heart disease (CHD). Chromosomal abnormalities exist in 5-10% of patients with CHD. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of overt extra cardiac malformations in children with CHD. Methods: This descriptive epidemiologic study was conducted on 720 patients with CHD referred to the pediatric ca...

prevalence of urolithiasis in childhood is increasing. the wide geographic variation in the incidence of lithiasis in childhood is related to climatic, dietary, and socioeconomic factors. many children with stone disease have a metabolic abnormality. in southeast asia, urinary calculi are endemic and are related to dietary factors. the main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of r...

BACKGROUND It has recently been suggested that a low urine pH be added to the abnormalities linked to insulin resistance. This conclusion is based on the finding of a low urine pH in individuals with clinical syndromes associated with insulin resistance and not on studies in which a direct measure of insulin sensitivity was shown to be significantly related to differences in urine pH. OBJECTI...