This paper empirically investigates the cause of asymmetric pricing: retail prices responding faster to cost increases than decreases. Using daily price data for over 11,000 retail gasoline stations I find that prices fall slower than they rise as a consequence of firms extracting informational rents from consumers with positive search costs. Premium gasoline prices are shown to fall slower tha...

This paper presents three heuristic algorithms that solve for the optimal locations for refueling stations for alternative-fuels, such as hydrogen, ethanol, biodiesel, natural gas, or electricity. The Flow Refueling Location Model (FRLM) locates refueling stations to maximize the flow that can be refueled with a given number of facilities. The FRLM uses path-based demands, and because of the li...

Concerns for atmospheric pollution from auto exhaust have led to the blending of "oxygenates" with motor fuels. The most common oxygenate, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) is currently required within several metropolitan areas (Denver and Phoenix) in the range of 12% of the motor fuel. Amendments to the Clean Air Act may expand this requirement to as many as 44 other areas of the United States i...

The growing concerns about energy security and global climate change have stimulated the transition to alternative fuel vehicles (AFV), widely considered an important ingredient in sustainable transportation (1). Of the many competing technologies, plug-in electric vehicles (PEV) have received much attention thanks to their high energy efficiency (2), the ability to substitute electricity for p...

I. ABSTRACT Price differences exist in people’s daily life. The availability of real-time price information through mobile phone offers consumer benefits, which provide incentive for user contributions. For such schemes to be adopted, the cost of contribution must be more than offset by the benefit of the information. However, even in this high tech society, we have to accept the fact that such...

Modeling line in non standard way occurs when layout constraints and inappropriate placing customer is limited for taking customer service by the servant. The aim of this study is providing a mixed model for analyzing the system of non-standard line with Considering the limitations of the layout with Using the concepts and principles of queuing theory So that the main parameters of the model fo...

In this paper, we study the optimal location decision for a network of alternative fuel stations (AFS) servicing a new market where the demand rate for the refueling service can be learned over time. In the presence of demand learning, the firm needs to make a decision, whether to actively learn the market through a greater initial investment in the AFS network or defer the commitment since an ...

A key requirement for the complete autonomy of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is the replenishment of its energy source and other consumables. Such processes are typically overseen and conducted by a human operator, may be time consuming and effectively reduce the operating range of the system. To satisfy the requirements of UAV customers such as military surveillance networks, that seek fast...

Increasing sales of conventional fuel-based vehicles are leading to an increase in carbon emissions, which dangerous the environment. To reduce these, must be replaced with alternative fuel such as hydrogen-fueled. Hydrogen can near-zero greenhouse gas emissions. However, penetration vehicles, there needs adequate infrastructure, specifically, refueling place. This paper presents a comprehensiv...