background: the variable numbers of tandem-repeat (vntr) alleles at the phenylalanine hydroxylase (pah) gene have been used in carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis in phenylketonuria families. this study was carried out to analyze vntr alleles at the pah gene in iranian azeri turkish population. methods: in this study, 200 alleles from general population were studied by pcr. results: the fr...

objective: classic cell culture and karyotyping is routinely used for prenatal detection of different chromosomal abnormalities. molecular cytogenetic techniques have also recently been developed and used for this purpose. quantitative florescence pcr using short tandem repeat (str) markers has more potential for high throughput diagnosis. marker heterozygosity in short tandem repeats (str) is ...

paris polyphylla smith var. yunnanensis (liliaceae) is an important traditional medicinal plant of the yunnan province in china. however, the genomic information regarding this plant is limited. to further understand its molecular background, we conducted illumina hiseq 2000 second-generation sequencing of this plant species. approximately 30,198,679 reads with an average length of 202 bases we...

The GGNG peptides are excitatory neuropeptides identified from earthworms, leeches and polychaeta. Two structurally related peptides were purified and characterized from a mollusk, Thais clavigera (prosobranch gastropod). The peptides designated as Thais excitatory peptide-1 (TEP-1) (KCSGKWAIHACWGGN-NH2) and TEP-2 (KCYGKWAMHACWGGN-NH2) are pentadecapeptides having one disulfide bond and C-termi...

Eleven organic synthetic dyes, currently or formerly used as food colours in Brazil, were tested to determine their effect on mitochondrial respiration in mitochondria isolated from rat liver and kidney. The compounds tested were: Erythrosine, Ponceau 4R, Allura Red, Sunset yellow, Tartrazine, Amaranth, Brilliant Blue, Blue, Fast Red E, Orange GGN and Scarlet GN. All food colours tested inhibit...

The study on empowerment strategies for tourism sustainability was carried out in 16 geosites located seven regencies. These include Karo, Dairi, Simalungun, Samosir, Toba North Tapanuli, and Humbang Hasundutan, Caldera Region (TCA), Sumatra Province. will enhance local national development policy directives, boost geared towards community interests, achieve GGN directives according to the conc...

the objective of the present study was to determine the grades of nonspecific bacterial infection of genitalia of repeat breeding cattle by a simple and rapid test under field condition. for this purpose, a total of 100 crossbred jersey cows comprising of 80 repeat breeding animals presented for treatment and 20 normal cyclic (control group) animals presented for artificial insemination at thei...

bovine genital campylobacteriosis is one of the most economically important diseases of dairy cattleresulting in lowered fertility, embryo mortality and abortion, repeated returns to service, reduced pregnancyrates and extended calving intervals. while the occurrence of repeat breeding syndrome and abortions arereported from many iranian dairy cattle farms, little information is available regar...