Stephen Jay Gould, remarkable paleontologist and revered popularizer of science, died of cancer on May 20, 2002. With his death, he passed into the history that he loved; a history, as he well knew, whose mills grind exceedingly fine. Those mills have started work on his writings, just as he ruminated memorably over books by Lamarck, Cuvier, Goethe, Geoffrey St. Hilaire, Darwin, Weismann, de Vr...

BACKGROUND Cough is a common symptom for which patients often seek medical advice and consume vast amounts of drugs. It is a real challenge for both the physician and the clinical researcher to evaluate a cough's clinical importance and its precise response to treatment. OBJECTIVES This systematic literature review has the following objectives: first, to make an inventory of the validated too...

Aerosol particles expelled during human coughs are a potential pathway for infectious disease transmission. However, the importance of airborne transmission is unclear for many diseases. To better understand the role of cough aerosol particles in the spread of disease and the efficacy of different types of protective measures, we constructed a cough aerosol simulator that produces a humanlike c...

It has been conjectured that the classical dynamics of M theory is equivalent to a null geodesic motion in the infinite-dimensional coset space E10/K(E10), where K(E10) is the maximal compact subgroup of the hyperbolic Kac-Moody group E10. We here provide further evidence for this conjecture by showing that the leading higher order corrections, quartic in the curvature and related three-form de...

We described in [7] a monoid b G acting on the integrable highest weight modules of a symmetrizable Kac-Moody algebra. It has similar structural properties as a reductive algebraic monoid with unit group a Kac-Moody group G. Now we find natural extensions of the action of the Kac-Moody group G on its building Ω to actions of the monoid b G on Ω. These extensions are partly motivated by represen...