background and objectives: the aim of this study was to investigate the significance of multiple-mutations in the katg gene, predominant nucleotide changes and its correlation with high level of resistance to isoniazid in mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates that were randomly collected from sputa of 42 patients with primary and secondary active pulmonary tuberculosis from different geographic r...

Background & Aims: While iodine is an essential element for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, epidemiological studies have showed that excessive iodine intake leads to autoimmune thyroid diseases, with an unknown mechanism. Previous studies have showed disturbance in the circulating cytokines could lead to autoimmune diseases. To determine the role of iodine in cytokine production and devel...

Humans and animals acquire their wide repertoire of motor skills through an incremental learning process, during which progressively more complex skills are acquired and subsequently integrated with prior abilities. Inspired by this general idea, we develop an approach for learning motor skills based on a two-level curriculum. At the high level, the curriculum specifies an order in which differ...

The development and use of a high level synthesis system can be made more convenient when intermediate data can be investigated graphically. Using this graphical representation the designer/user can easily influence the design process or is able to ’tune’ his tools. Mostly a high level synthesis system and a graphical framework are two separate platforms. This article describes how both platfor...

There are many reasons for high level ATPG, but the major one is the need for ATPG to be done at the same level as design. Today a designer has to drop down to gate level to run an ATPG, while verification and most other design activities can be done in RTL. At one time software debugging tools worked at the assembler level, today they work at the level at which people write. Our ATPG tools sho...

In this paper, we study hierarchical supervisory control with partial observations. In particular, we are interested in preservation of supremal normal and supremal controllable and normal sublanguages from the abstracted system (high level) in the original (low level) system. Sufficient conditions are formulated under which the supremal normal or the supremal controllable and normal sublanguag...

This paper describes a vision-based system for autonomous urban transport missions in outdoor environments. Specialized modules are implemented for particular tasks such as lane tracking and navigation along crossing points. A system that can execute a complex mission cannot simply be the sum of its perceptual modalities, and so, there needs to be a "plan" which uses high level knowledge about ...