To convert physiological requirements into dietary requirements, adjustments are needed for some nutrients that take into account certain diet- and host-related factors specific to a country or region. Nutrients whose requirements should be adjusted in this way include calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, protein, folate, vitamin A, and carotenoids. The diet-related factors that must be considered d...

Nutrition is a key component of life-history theory, yet we know little about how diet quality shapes life-history evolution across species. Here, we test whether quantitative measures of nutrition are linked to life-history evolution across 96 species of butterflies representing over 50 independent diet shifts. We find that butterflies feeding on high nitrogen host plants as larvae are more fe...

Abstract It has been observed that a constriction of the gut microbiome occurs with high fat diet, and likewise decreased diversity is directly correlated more severe graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Taken together it plausible not only content, but source dietary could influence microbiota GvHD outcome. We sought to address this que...

It is well known that CR (caloric restriction) reduces oxidative damage to proteins, lipids and DNA, although the underlying mechanism is unclear. However, information concerning the effect of CR on the host response to infection is sparse. In this study, 6-month-old mice that were fed AL (ad libitum) or with a CR diet were infected with Salmonella serovar Typhimurium. EPR (electron paramagneti...

Experimental studies of the evolution of reproductive isolation (RI) in real time are a powerful way in which to reveal fundamental, early processes that initiate divergence. In a classic speciation experiment, populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura were subjected to divergent dietary selection and evolved significant positive assortative mating by diet. More recently, a direct role for the gu...