In this paper, for the first time, a comprehensive experimental study is performed on hydroforming process of metallic bellows. For this purpose, the effects of the main process parameters and their interactions on the characteristics of hydroformed metallic bellows are investigated using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The selected parameters as input variables are internal pressure, die s...

The different branch diameters of five-way tube affect the design loading internal pressure in hydroforming process, where large-diameter is broken more easily than small-diameter one due to same ultimate stress material one-step forming method. Therefore, first four-way and then multi-step (FFTF) method three-way (FTTF) were proposed fabricate 5A02 aluminum alloy with two kinds avoid burst tub...

Considering a kinematical velocity admissible field, the upper bound method has beenused for predicting the amount of pressure in hydroforming of sheet metals. The effects of workhardening, friction and blank size have been considered in pressure prediction. Also the effect ofsheet thickness variation has been considered in the present work formulations. The relation betweenpressure and punch s...