New bionanocomposite proton exchange membranes were prepared from sulfonated polybenzimidazole (s-PBI) and various amounts of sulfonated ZnO/cellulose nanohybrids (ZnO/cellulose-SO3H). The use of ZnO/cellulose-SO3H compensates for the decrease in ion exchange capacity of membranes observed when non-sulfonated nano-fillers are utilized. The strong –SO3H/–SO<su...

Shape-persistent and tough cellulose hydrogels were fabricated by a stepwise solvent exchange from a homogeneous ionic liquid solution of cellulose exposure to methanol vapor. The cellulose hydrogels maintain their shapes under changing temperature, pH, and solvents. The micrometer-scale patterns on the mold were precisely transferred onto the surface of cellulose hydrogels. We also succeeded i...

The interaction between cellulase enzymes and their substrates is of central importance to several technological and scientific challenges. Here we report that the binding of cellulose binding modules (CBM) from Trichoderma reesei cellulases Cel6A and Cel7A show a major difference in how they interact with substrates originating from wood compared to bacterial cellulose. We found that the CBM f...

Among animals, urochordates (e.g., ascidians) are unique in their ability to biosynthesize cellulose. In ascidians cellulose is synthesized in the epidermis and incorporated into a protective coat know as the tunic. A putative cellulose synthase-like gene was first identified in the genome sequences of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis. We describe here a cellulose synthase gene from the ascidian...

cellulose was modified by polystyrene (ps) and polyacrylonitrile (pan) via free radical and living radical polymerization, and then cellulose was used as the matrix in the preparation of polymer/clay nanocomposite, through a solution intercalation method. for this purpose, first, the graft polymerization of styrene (st) onto cellulose fibers was performed by using suspension polymerization and ...

an in vitro experiment was conducted to determine the effect of supplemental non-fiber carbohydrate(nfc) on the disappearance kinetics of cellulose (ce) by mixed ruminal microorganisms. non-supplementedor nfc supplemented cellulose (467 mg nfc/g cellulose as sucrose (cesu) or starch (cest) or a 1:1 mixtureof sucrose + starch (cesust)) were incubated for 24, 48, and 96 h at 39°c. after each incu...

Cellulose degradation by four cellulose-clearing brown-rot fungi in the Coniophoraceae-Coniophora prasinoides, C. puteana, Leucogyrophana arizonica, and L. olivascens-is compared with that of a non-cellulose-clearing brown-rot fungus, Poria placenta. The cellulose- and the non-cellulose-clearing brown-rot fungi apparently employ similar mechanisms to depolymerize cellulose; most likely a nonenz...

Cellulose being an excellent biopolymer has cemented its place firmly in many industries as a coating material, textile, composites, and biomaterial applications. In the present study, we have investigated the effect of biofield treatment on physicochemical properties of cellulose and cellulose acetate. The cellulose and cellulose acetate were exposed to biofield and further the chemical and th...