This paper develops the concept of word order universals based on a data analysis Universal Dependencies project, which proposes treebanks more than 90 languages encoded with same annotation scheme. The nature we work allows us to extract rich details for testing well-known typological implicational and, further, explore new kinds that call quantitative universals. We show how such are in essen...

This paper focuses on aspects of the licensing of adverbial noun phrases (AdvNPs) in the HPSG grammar framework. In the first part, empirical issues will be discussed. A number of AdvNPs will be examined with respect to various linguistic phenomena in order to find out to what extent AdvNPs share syntactic and semantic properties with non-adverbial NPs. Based on empirical generalizations, a lex...

Benign cystic teratomas of the lung are extremely rare. We diagnosed such case in 22 years old male suffering from heaviness left side chest for 2 with occasional cough expectoration 1 year. Patient suffered typical symptom white hair expectoration. Diagnosis was confirmed on computed tomography thorax and Fine needle aspiration cytology. Teratoma located anterior segment upper lobe treated lob...

This article seeks to shed more light on the well-studied, yet still challenging, dative alternation. It starts from the cognitive-typological suggestion of Croft (2001, 2003) that language-internal variation is subject to the same constraints as cross-linguistic variation (the semantic map model), and that careful languagespecific research may therefore reveal facts about language in general. ...

The main condition of the differently implicational inferencealgorithm is reconsidered from a contrary direction, which motivatesa new fuzzy inference strategy, called the double fuzzyimplications-based restriction inference algorithm. New restrictioninference principle is proposed, which improves the principle of thefull implication restriction inference algorithm. Furthermore,focusing on the ...

This paper proposes an expansion of set of primitive constraints available within the Primitive Optimality Theory framework (Eisner, 1997a). This expansion consists of the addition of a new family of constraints—existential implicational constraints, which allow the specification of faithfulness constraints that can be satisfied at a distance—and the definition of two ways to combine simple con...

We prove confluence of two cut-elimination procedures for the implicational fragment of a standard intuitionistic sequent calculus. One of the cut-elimination procedures uses global proof transformations while the other consists of local ones. Both of them include permutation of cuts to simulate β-reduction in an isomorphic image of the λ-calculus. We establish the confluence properties through...

A formula is said to have unique-normal proof property and unique-normal proof property ii it has a unique-normal proof and a-normal proof in NJ, respectively. In this report a condition of implicational minimal formulas in the intuitionistic logic for unique-normal proof property is presented making use of unique-normal proof property for negatively non-duplicated formulas. It is shown that th...

Varieties of the Fan Theorem have recently been developed in reverse constructive mathematics, corresponding to different continuity principles. They form a natural implicational hierarchy. Some of the implications have been shown to be strict, others strict in a weak context, and yet others not at all, using disparate techniques. Here we present a family of related Kripke models which suffices...