this paper tries to study the emergence and changes of mechanized industry in iran within qajar dynasty (mid-19th century) and the islamic revolution triumph (1978). it focuses on the governments role in delayed industrialization, and accordingly surveys the governments role in building institutions and commercial policy-making for industrialization. since governments nature and its role in eco...

The paper raises a number of issues regarding the ethical character of the Coalition government s Australian Workplace Relations Act. While key principles such as freedom of association and freedom of choice are incorporated into the legislation, it is argued that equity is a higher order ethic. On the face of it, the language of the legislation addresses equity, but notwithstanding the Coaliti...

Climate negotiations occur against the backdrop of increasing collective risk: each failure to agree on how to share the costs of climate change mitigation increases the odds of significant economic loss for the negotiating parties. Nonetheless, no existing climate bargaining model includes this characteristic feature. We introduce a novel bargaining game that incorporates collective risk, and ...

One of the most remarkable economic consequences of German unification was a rise by more than 100% in DM wages paid to Eastern German workers over the period 1990-1995, despite sharply rising unemployment and persistently low labor productivity. While wage convergence is consistent with economic integration, the evidence suggests that it was substantially accelerated by the West German collect...