Hundreds of millions of U.S. dollars are invested in the research and development of a single drug. Lead compound development is an area ripe for new design strategies. Therapeutic lead candidates have been traditionally found using high-throughput in vitro pharmacological screening, a costly method for assaying thousands of compounds. This approach has recently been augmented by virtual screen...

BACKGROUND To find the best individual chemotherapy for cancer patients, the efficacy of different chemotherapeutic drugs can be predicted by pretesting tumor samples in vitro via the chemotherapy-resistance (CTR)-Test®. Although drug combinations are widely used among cancer therapy, so far only single drugs are tested by this and other tests. However, several first line chemotherapies are com...

this study was conducted to determine the chemical composition, digestibility, degradability and nutritive value of madder, rubia tinctorum l.  and alfalfa medicago sativa. using in vitro and in situ measurements. the mean values for om, cp, ndf, adf and ee were 892.5, 172.0, 306.5, 219.4 and 16.0 g/kg dm for madder hay, and 921.3, 141.4, 482.0, 361.1 and 6.50 g/kg dm for alfalfa hay, respectiv...

background: based on literature, in vitro cholesterol removal of lactic acid bacteria has been accounted for their in vivo cholesterol reduction. but recently, it has been proposed that such in vitro characteristic may not be directly relevant to their in vivo activity. the objective of this study was to find how much in vitro cholesterol reducing potential of lactobacillus plantarum a7 (la7), ...

rate of in vitro maturation of oocytes is one of the challenges of assisted reproductive techniques. in this study we investigated the effects of supplementation of cysteamine on the rate of in vitro maturation of oocytes in two different media. germinal vesicle oocytes were collected from mouse ovary and cultured in two media (tcm199 and meme) with 0, 50, 100, 200, 500 µm/ml cysteamine. number...

background: dominant lactic acid bacteria (lab) originally isolated from traditional non-dairy fermented foods, may harbor unique characteristics such as probiotic properties. in this research, probiotic potential of dominant lab isolated from pickled garlic was studied. methods: after isolation of dominant lab from pickled garlic produced with apple cider vinegar, the isolate was identified by...

introduction: spreading depression (sd) is a propagating wave of depolarization followed by depression of the neuroglial activities and can modulate extracellular dopamine concentrations in the neocortex. it has been shown that the dopaminergic system plays a role in migraine. sd has been suggested as a critical phenomenon in the pathophysiology of migraine. the aim of this study was to investi...

background: endometrial secretion analysis is a non-invasive and promising method in evaluation of endometrial receptivity. objective: the aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between the success rate of ivf procedures and some endometrial secretion cytokines, including interleukin-1β (il-1β), tumor necrosis factor (tnf-α), interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (ip-10), and mon...