Ion bombardment of crystalline silicon targets induces pattern formation by the creation of mobile surface species that participate in forming nanometer-scale structures. The formation of these mobile species on a Si 001 surface, caused by sub-keV argon ion bombardment, is investigated through molecular dynamics simulation of Stillinger-Weber Phys. Rev. B 31, 5262 1985 silicon. Specific criteri...

An ion drift-chemical ionization mass spectrometry (ID-CIMS) technique has been developed to detect and quantify trace gases, including volatile organic compounds and inorganic species. The trace species are chemically ionized into positive or negative product ions with a well-controlled ion-molecule reaction time. The ID-CIMS method allows for quantification of the trace gases without the nece...

ck = speed of species k, m∕s f = fraction of solvated ions that fragment I = normalized collected current Ib = total thruster beam current, A Isp = specific impulse, s Kk = kinetic energy of species k, J L = time-of-flight distance _ m = calculated mass flow rate, kg∕s mk = mass of species k, kg q = ion electric charge, C T = calculated thrust, N t = flight time V0 = applied (maximum) potential...

Background: Combination of glycation and oxidation is associated with diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of glycated proteins in presence of transition metal ions on production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in rat hepatocyte suspension.  Methods: Glycated albumin was prepared by incubation of bovine serum albumin with 100 mM glucose in 0.3 M phosphate buffer a...