This article presents a raster-based Geographic Information Systems (GIS) tool called CN-Idris that outputs runoff estimates from land use/land cover and hydrologic soil group maps based on the Natural Resources Conservation Service Curve Number method. The tool enables the user to select among three antecedent moisture conditions and two values of the initial abstraction (Ia) parameter, and it...

Great mountains such as Fujiyama and Kilimanjaro are recognized being sacred places. In myths they aften inhabited by gods, living in eternity far above the secular life of human beings. this article psychological background images is traced, defining a transcendental experience mountain landscape creative source. A phenomenological description personal range Grand Teton National Park analyzed ...

OBJECTIVE Safe, very high altitude trekking in subjects with type 1 diabetes requires understanding of glucose regulation at high altitude. We investigated insulin requirements, energy expenditure, and glucose levels at very high altitude in relation to acute mountain sickness (AMS) symptoms in individuals with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Eight individuals with complication-f...

BACKGROUND In the Kilimanjaro region the mother-in-law has traditionally had an important role in matters related to reproduction and childcare. The aim of this study was to explore the role of the mothers-in-law in prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) service utilization and adherence to infant feeding guidelines. METHODS The study was conducted during 2007-2008 in rural and ur...

BACKGROUND Data on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection among children in Africa are limited. We evaluated the seroprevalence of both viruses among healthy, HIV-uninfected children and HIV-infected children in the Kilimanjaro region of northern Tanzania. METHODS HBV and HCV markers were assessed using serum and plasma samples f...

OBJECTIVE To determine the diagnostic values of digital rectal examination (DRE), prostate specific antigen (PSA) and trans-rectal ultrasound (TRUS) individually and in combinations in men aged 50 years and above presenting with prostatism. DESIGN A prospective, descriptive, cross-sectional, hospital-based study. SETTING The urology ward of Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC), a 500...