A widely used bulk model of the atmospheric boundary layer (BL) was proposed by Troen and Mahrt (1986) (hereinafter TM). The TM parameterization scheme was conceived for use in models where only a coarse resolution in the BL can be achieved (e.g. climate models and weather prediction models up to the mesoscale). Nevertheless, this parameterization scheme is still widely adopted in high resoluti...

There has been a large discrepancy between the Dosimetry system 1986 (DS86) and measured data, some of which data in Hiroshima at about 1.5 km ground distance from the hypocenter are about 10 times larger than the calculation. Therefore its causes have long been discussed, since it will change the estimated radiation risks obtained based on the Hiroshima and Nagasaki data. In this study the con...