OBJECTIVES To prove that the model of perspective projection allows precise registration of intra-oral radiographs regardless of whether they have been acquired with or without individual adjustment aids and independent of the human observer or computer algorithm marking corresponding landmarks in the images and, based on in vivo radiographs, to introduce and evaluate a model-based registration...

Recently, landmarks count heuristic can increase the number of problem instances solved and improve the quality of the solutions in satisfying non-optimal planning. In order to make landmarks count heuristic optimal, we give the solution to the overestimate of landmarks count heuristic. We extend landmarks count heuristic without action cost assignments, and prove that the extension of heuristi...

Modern morphometrics provides powerful methods to quantify size and shape variation. A basic requirement is a list of coordinates that define landmarks; however such coordinates must represent homologous structures across specimens. While many biological objects consist of easily identified landmarks to satisfy the assumption of homology, many lack such structures. One potential solution is to ...

Abstract—In urban area, several landmarks may affect housing price and rents, and hedonic analysis should employ distance variables corresponding to each landmarks. Unfortunately, the effects of distances to landmarks on housing prices are generally not consistent with the true price. These distance variables may cause magnitude error in regression, pointing a problem of spatial multicollineari...

Several studies show that the use of landmarks is crucial for pedestrian navigations systems. Furthermore, there are well-defined landmark features like its visual salience. However, the assessment and the selection of landmarks especially in large scale indoor environments is rarely examined. We conducted a user study in the university of Regensburg and assessed the visual attraction of object...